Thermodynamic properties, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

Thermodynamic properties:

Salts dissolve producing both cations and anions. It means that it is impossible to measure thermodynamic data for individual ion type. The solvation of ions from the gas phase is a thermodynamically favorable exothermic process, which increases the stability of the ions in solution and gives out energy. However, in order for the enthalpy of solution to be exothermic, this enthalpy of solution must be greater than the lattice enthalpy; otherwise the overall reaction is endothermic.

 

136_thermodynamic properties.png

Fig. The conflict in symmetry

between bulk water and water in a

hydration shell.

Qualitative treatment of ionic interaction:

At very low ionic concentration, the solvated cations and anions are so far apart that they do not interact significantly. At higher concentrations the ions are closer together and ion-ion interactions between the cations and anions are important. These are energetic-ally favorable, as the ions tend to cluster around other ions of opposite charge (counter-ions) and avoid ions of like charge (co-ions). This process further decreases the energy of the system and stabilizes the solution. That means although ions move dynamically in solution, on average each cation has as nearest neighbors more anions than cations and each anion more cations than anions. An ionic atmosphere of ion of overall opposite charge therefore surrounds each ion (Fig. 3).

2469_thermodynamic properties1.png

 

Fig. The ionic atmosphere

surrounding a cation (...) and an anion

(---) in solution.


Related Discussions:- Thermodynamic properties

Medicine topic, please read instruction carefully do not accept job if you ...

please read instruction carefully do not accept job if you are not able to do it i only accept high quality work

Acid/base titration, why is the mass of acid measured not the volume?

why is the mass of acid measured not the volume?

Does basic character decreases due to resonance?, Yes, the basic character ...

Yes, the basic character decreases due to resonace. This is because resonance is strongly linked to conjugation and hyperconjugation. Due to the pi-lp conjugation, the electon dens

Structure of 1-1-dimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane is achiral, a...

1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane is achiral, and therefore cannot be optically active.

Electrochestry, migration of ions,relatuve speed of ions,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,...

migration of ions,relatuve speed of ions,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

What is si unit of energy?, Q. What is SI unit of energy? Ans. The S...

Q. What is SI unit of energy? Ans. The SI unit of energy is called the joule. A joule is a pretty small mount of energy so often chemists will use the unit kJ =1 kilojoule

Application of electrometallurgy, Q. Application of electrometallurgy? ...

Q. Application of electrometallurgy? In theory, aluminium metal would be made the same way. But, aluminium trichloride is covalent and it does not conductor of electricity. As

Effect of substituents on acidity - inductive effect, Effect of Substituen...

Effect of Substituents on Acidity: The complete effect of a substituent on acidity of substituted benzoic acids is because of two factors. (i) Inductive effect: If the subs

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd