The oxygen of the hydronium ion, Chemistry

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The oxygen of the hydronium ion

The oxygen of the hydronium ion has approximately tetrahedral geometry and is therefore sp3-hybridized. Two of the sp3 hybrid orbitals contain an unshared electron pair. One of these becomes the lone pair in H3O+; the other overlaps with a proton (H+) to give one of the O-H bonds. The other two sp3 hybrid orbitals contain one electron each; each of these overlaps with the 1s orbital of a hydrogen atom (which contains one electron) to give the three sp3-1s  bonds (the O-H bonds) of H3O+

 


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