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The Internal or Physical Level
The collection of files permanently stored on secondary storage devices is called as the physical database. The internal or physical level is the one nearby to physical storage, and it gives a low-level description of the physical database, and an interface among the operating systems file system and the record structures used in higher levels of abstraction. It is at the level that record types and methods of storage are definite, as well as how stored fields are shown, what physical sequence the stored records are in, and what other physical structures exist.
(A) For the relation; CarSales (RegNo, BuyerName, Address, SalesPerson, Make, Model, Commission) The following functional dependences hold, RegNo _ID à Make, Model Reg
how many hourse have been spent on a certain project
What does data dictionary is a special file contains ? The data dictionary is a special file contain The name of all fields in all files.The width of all fields in all files an
Define Specialisation and generalization in brief? Specialisation / generalization: Generalization or Specialization represents the is a relationship set, an necessary element
Example RELATION SCHEMA for STUDENT: STUDENT (Roll No: string, name: string, login: string, age: integer) RELATION INSTANCE
What is data block? Data Block - In oracle the data blocks are referred to as tablespaces. A tablespace is an fields of disk consisting of one or more disk files. A tablespace
What is authorization graph? Passing of authorization from single user to another can be shown by an authorization graph.
If the deletion violates referential integrity constraint, then three alternatives are available: Default option: - refuse the deletion. It is the job of the DBMS to describ
Question: (a) List four disadvantages of the File Processing System as compared to the Database Systems. (b) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. One
What is a database graph? The partial ordering implies that the set D may now be viewed as a directed acyclic graph, known as a database graph.
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