Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Quantization Error
Sampling followed by quantization is equivalent to quantization followed by sampling. Figure illustrates a message signal f (t) and its quantized version denoted by fq(t). The difference between fq(t) and f (t) is known as the quantization error εq(t),
εq (t) = fq (t) - f(t)
Theoretically, fq(t) can be recovered in the receiver without error. The recovery of fq(t) can be viewed as the recovery of f (t) with an error (or noise) εq(t) present. For a small δv with a large number of levels, it can be shown that the mean-squared value of εq(t) is given by
When a digital communication system transmits an analog signal processed by a uniform quantizer, the best SNR that can be attained is given by
where S0 and Nq represent the average powers in f (t) and εq(t), respectively. When f (t) fluctuates symmetrically between equal magnitude extremes, i.e., -|f(t)|max ≤ f(t) ≤ |f(t)|max, choosing a sufficiently large number of levels L, the step size δv comes out as
It can be seen that messages with large crest factors will lead to poor performance.
Explain Einstein relation. Einstein relation: There exists a significant relation between the diffusion constant and the mobility. It is termed as the Einstein relation and
SR Flip Flop The SR flip flop is an arrangement of logic gates that maintain astable output even after the input are turned off. It has two inputs namely SET input (S
-micro controller AT89C51 -dc motor -magnetic sensors -load sensors -how to connect all the components? and give me a circuit diagrams -how to interface all the component with m
Q. What are the performance measures of oscillator circuits? 1. Stability: This is determined by the passive components. R, C and L determine frequency of oscillations. If R ch
a. Simulate a diode application circuit using Multisim EWB. Compare calculated and simulated results Each student must choose one of the following circuits from question 1 (Ref
why the primary bushing of 7970/13.8 distribution transformer blown up when connected wye on a 13.8 kv source?
Find the resistance of 800 m of copper cable of cross-sectional area 20 mm . Take the resistivity of copper as 0.02 Ωm.
Q. For the circuit shown in Figure, develop and execute a PSpice program to obtain the node voltages and the current through each element.
who to write resume for job
Fields Winding It produces the working flux, this is also called exciting winding.
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd