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Both DTL and TTL are based on the saturating BJT inverter. The transistor acts as a switch that connects or disconnects the collector and emitter. The switch is closed when sufficient base current is applied to saturate the transistor. While the BJT technologies have dominated during the 1970s, logic families based on MOSFET technology are nowmore widely used because of the advantages of fewer fabrication steps and generally lower power consumption. After PMOS and NMOS technologies, CMOS emerged as the dominant MOS technology and remains so today. Let us consider the simple MOSFET inverter with resistive load shown in Figure (a), quite similar in principle to the BJT inverter, although the circuit is rather impractical, as we shall see later. The load line for RD = 23 k and VDD = 7 V is shown along with the transistor I-V characteristics in Figure (b). On finding vout (= vDS) for different values of vin (= vGS), the voltage-transfer characteristic (vout versus vin) is plotted in Figure (c). By choosing the low range to be 0 to 3 V (i.e., less than the threshold voltage) and the high range to be 5 to 7 V, we can see that any input voltage in the low range gives an output of 7 V (high) and inputs in the high range give outputs in the low range. Thus, the circuit is seen to be an inverter.
NAND Gate NAND means NOT AND it complements the output of an AND gate. The symbol of NAND by a NOT gate. Generally Not operation is represented by a bubble as shown
Q. Explain, with the aid of diagrams, the following in relation to the construction of power transformers. Include the advantages and disadvantages in your description. a) Core
Q. An 8 - pole dc generator has 500 armature conductors and has a useful flux per pole of 0.065 web. What will be the emf generated if it is lap connected and runs at 1000 r.p.m.
Execution of Digital Logic Circuits A safety circuit is employed on a lathe to prevent the motor turning if it is not safe to operate. A series of 2 switches are used to check
We shall demonstrate load-line analysis to find the diode current and voltage, and then compute the total power output of the battery source in the circuit of Figure (a), given the
A color television receiver is shown in Figure in block diagram form, indicating only the basic functions. The early part forms a straightforward superheterodyne receiver, except f
Positive Edge Triggered D Flip Flop In this type of D flip Flop ( 7475) shown in figure the output changes with positive edge of the CLK when CLK changes from 0 to 1
What is programmable interrupt controller? The Programmable interrupt controller is used when several I/O devices transfer datausing interrupt and they are connected to the sam
Example of Registers Example : Write the instruction to copy data byte 24H stored in register C to register B Solution : The instruction to copy data byte is a
decimal to BCD code encoder active low
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