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Both DTL and TTL are based on the saturating BJT inverter. The transistor acts as a switch that connects or disconnects the collector and emitter. The switch is closed when sufficient base current is applied to saturate the transistor. While the BJT technologies have dominated during the 1970s, logic families based on MOSFET technology are nowmore widely used because of the advantages of fewer fabrication steps and generally lower power consumption. After PMOS and NMOS technologies, CMOS emerged as the dominant MOS technology and remains so today. Let us consider the simple MOSFET inverter with resistive load shown in Figure (a), quite similar in principle to the BJT inverter, although the circuit is rather impractical, as we shall see later. The load line for RD = 23 k and VDD = 7 V is shown along with the transistor I-V characteristics in Figure (b). On finding vout (= vDS) for different values of vin (= vGS), the voltage-transfer characteristic (vout versus vin) is plotted in Figure (c). By choosing the low range to be 0 to 3 V (i.e., less than the threshold voltage) and the high range to be 5 to 7 V, we can see that any input voltage in the low range gives an output of 7 V (high) and inputs in the high range give outputs in the low range. Thus, the circuit is seen to be an inverter.
Depletion Zone in P-N Junction The power of the depletion zone electric field gets increases as the reverse-bias voltage increases. One time the electric field intensity incre
Q. Show DC Generator Characteristics? Figure shows schematic diagrams of field-circuit connections for dc machines without including commutating pole or compensating windings.
Q. What do you mean by communication channel? The communication channel (transmissionmedium) is the physicalmediumthat is utilized to send the signal from the transmitter to th
Q. Explain state-variable techniques? The matrix formulations associated with state-variable techniques have largely replaced the block-diagram formulations. Computer software
DC Link Scherbius Drive This type of scheme is shown in figure. This circuit allows both sub synchronous and super synchronous speed control. In case of sub synchronous spe
input impedence
prove abc+abc''+ab''c+a''bc=ab+ac+bc
Two Quadrant Type A Chopper or Class C Chopper or Reversible Chopper The quadrant type A Chopper is also known as reversible chopper because the polarity of the load cur
The single-phase, 50-kVA, 2400:240-V, 60-Hz, two-winding distribution transformer is connected as a step-up autotransformer, as shown in Figure. Assume that the 240-V winding is pr
Q. Explain by using a circuit diagram, a ‘Darlington Pair'. Mention its advantages? THE DARLINGTON PAIR : This is a very special way of direct coupling of two transistors. The
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