Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons

The compounds of carbon and hydrogen in which carbon atoms are linked to each other by single covalent bonds(C-C) are known as alkanes. They are very little reactive and are called as saturated hydrocarbons.

Examples for this are Methane, Ethane, Propane etc.

The hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms linked to each other at least by one double bond (C=C) or one triple bond (C≡C) are called as unsaturated hydrocarbons.

The compounds with one double bond are called as alkenes

Examples are Ethene, propyne, butene and so on

The compounds with one triple bond are called as alkynes

Examples are Ethyne, propyne, butyne and so on.

Classification of Organic compounds

The organic compounds can be classified as open chain and cyclic compounds.

Open chain compounds contain an open chain of carbon atoms which may be either straight chain or branched chain in nature.

They may be saturated or unsatured based upon their nature of bonding in the carbon atoms.

                              H            H H

Example          H -C- H,  H-C-C-H

                                    H           H  H

                           (Methane)   (Ethane)

                       H H H    H

             H-C-C-C = C-H  (But-1-ene)

                       H H