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Quenching and Tempering
Cast iron pearlite structure might be heated to lower critical temperature and after that quenched to effect extremely rapid cooling. This treatment reasons the precipitation of hard martensite phase and casting is hence capable of giving high wear resistance. The casting behind quenching treatment might be further heated to 300oC and cooled gradually to restore original toughness.
Surface Hardening
A lot of applications of cast iron demand high surface hardness. This might be attained by surface hardening treatments as like: induction and nitriding hardening.
Table: Typical Mechanical Properties and Applications of Cast Iron
Cast Iron
Composition wt. %
Condition
Structure
UTS MPa
YS MPa
Elongation
(%)
Typical Application
Gray Cast
Iron
Ferrite
3.4 C,
2.2 Si,
0.7 Mn
Annealed
Ferrite matrix
180
-
Cylinder blocks and head clutch plates
Pearlite
3.2 C,
2.0 Si,
As-cast
Pearlite matrix
250
Truck and tractor cylinder blocks, gear box
3.3 C,
290
Diesel engine castings
Melleable
2.2 C,
1.2 Si,
0.75 Mn
Temper carbon and ferrite
345
224
10
General engineering service machinability
2.4 C,
1.4 Si,
Temper carbon and pearlite
440
310
8
General service with dimensional tolerance
Martensitic
Quenched and Tempered
Tempered martenstie
620
438
2
High strength parts, connecting rods, yokes for universal joints
Ductile
3.5 C,
2.2 Si
Ferritic
415
275
Pressure casting as valve and pump bodies
Ferritic pearlite
550
380
6
Crank shaft, gears and rollers
830
Pinions, gears, rollers and slides
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