Properties of matter, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Properties of Matter:

  • Due to surface tension, the free surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane tending to contract so as to have minimum surface area. It is measured as the force per unit length perpendicular to an imaginary line on the liquid surface.
  • Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force to the area on which it acts. That is : P = F /A

The fluid pressure at a point within a fluid is given as :

P = h ρ g

  • According to the Pascal's law, pressure applied at any point on the surface of a given mass of an enclosed liquid at rest is transmitted over the whole liquid.
  • Archimedes' principle states in which there is an apparent loss in the weight of a body immersed in a liquid (or gas) and this loss of weight is equal to the weight of the liquid (or gas) displaced by it.
  • An ideal fluid is incompressible and its flow is laminar, non-viscous and irrotational. A flow of liquid is of two types. Those are given below:

(i) Streamline motion, and

(ii) Turbulent motion.

  • An equation of continuity is a consequence of the principle of conservation of mass of liquid and for streamline flow of a liquid is

a1 v1 = a2 v2

where a1 and a2 are the areas of two different cross-sections of a tube of flow and v1 and v2 respectively are the velocities of flow through these sections.

  • The Bernoulli's equation is an expression representing the principle of conservation of energy for liquids. It is expressed as:

P/ ρ + gh + v2/2= constant

  • The property by virtue of which a liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. It is similar to the frictional force experienced by solids in motion.
  • The property of matter to regain its natural shape and size or to oppose any attempt to deform it is called elasticity.
  • The internal restoring force, arising due to an external deforming force applied on a body, and acting per unit area of cross-section of the body is called stress. The stress may be longitudinal, compressional and shearing.
  • Strain is defined as the change in dimension of a body per unit dimension.

Strains are of three types, namely

(i) Linear strain,

(ii) Volume strain, and

(iii) Shearing strain.

  • Hooke's law states that, within elastic limit, the stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain.

 


Related Discussions:- Properties of matter

Fathometer, define Fathometer in civil engineering field #Minimum 100 words...

define Fathometer in civil engineering field #Minimum 100 words accepted#

Explain the coordinate system, Explain the Coordinate System 1. A Bench...

Explain the Coordinate System 1. A Benchmark provides only elevation data. 2. Coordinate System provides northing and easting coordinates within a defined system. 3. Coor

State the term - calculation of deformation of concrete, State the term - c...

State the term - calculation of deformation of concrete For the calculation of deformation of concrete at some stage before the maximum shrinkage is reached, it may be assumed

Levelling, the cooke''s reversible level

the cooke''s reversible level

Rectangular tie, how to perform a rectangular tie using optical square?

how to perform a rectangular tie using optical square?

How can rock sockets take up loads, Question How can rock sockets take ...

Question How can rock sockets take up loads? Answer Load transfer mechanism is brief as follows- While a socketed basis is loaded, conflict is provided by together

Preloading - control of settlements, Q. Preloading - Control of settlements...

Q. Preloading - Control of settlements? This method consists of loading the soil strata by a load intensity which will be equal to or higher than the expected load intensity. T

Role of rebate in typical construction joint, Question What is role of reba...

Question What is role of rebate in typical construction joint ? Answer Construction joints are formed on sites to facilitate construction procedure. Though, if improperly constr

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd