Properties of matter, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Properties of Matter:

  • Due to surface tension, the free surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane tending to contract so as to have minimum surface area. It is measured as the force per unit length perpendicular to an imaginary line on the liquid surface.
  • Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force to the area on which it acts. That is : P = F /A

The fluid pressure at a point within a fluid is given as :

P = h ρ g

  • According to the Pascal's law, pressure applied at any point on the surface of a given mass of an enclosed liquid at rest is transmitted over the whole liquid.
  • Archimedes' principle states in which there is an apparent loss in the weight of a body immersed in a liquid (or gas) and this loss of weight is equal to the weight of the liquid (or gas) displaced by it.
  • An ideal fluid is incompressible and its flow is laminar, non-viscous and irrotational. A flow of liquid is of two types. Those are given below:

(i) Streamline motion, and

(ii) Turbulent motion.

  • An equation of continuity is a consequence of the principle of conservation of mass of liquid and for streamline flow of a liquid is

a1 v1 = a2 v2

where a1 and a2 are the areas of two different cross-sections of a tube of flow and v1 and v2 respectively are the velocities of flow through these sections.

  • The Bernoulli's equation is an expression representing the principle of conservation of energy for liquids. It is expressed as:

P/ ρ + gh + v2/2= constant

  • The property by virtue of which a liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. It is similar to the frictional force experienced by solids in motion.
  • The property of matter to regain its natural shape and size or to oppose any attempt to deform it is called elasticity.
  • The internal restoring force, arising due to an external deforming force applied on a body, and acting per unit area of cross-section of the body is called stress. The stress may be longitudinal, compressional and shearing.
  • Strain is defined as the change in dimension of a body per unit dimension.

Strains are of three types, namely

(i) Linear strain,

(ii) Volume strain, and

(iii) Shearing strain.

  • Hooke's law states that, within elastic limit, the stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain.

 


Related Discussions:- Properties of matter

Particle size distribution - soil compaction, Particle Size Distribution (G...

Particle Size Distribution (Gradation): The particle size distribution is determined by passing the aggregates through a set of standard IS sieves (Figure) and determining th

Rolling - binder, Rolling - Binder: The layer thickness is 40-50 mm. R...

Rolling - Binder: The layer thickness is 40-50 mm. Rolling is done in three stages : Initial Rolling By 80-100 kN smooth wheeled roller. Intermediate Rolling B

What are service reservoirs, Q. What are Service reservoirs? Service re...

Q. What are Service reservoirs? Service reservoirs, other than normal reservoirs are provided due to the subsequent reasons:  (i)  In case of breakdown of pumping stations a

Main problems related with prestressed concrete piles, Question What ar...

Question What are main problems related with prestressed concrete piles ? Answer Origin of Daido piles comes from Japan where these prestressed actual piles are used

Acsr aluminium conductor steel reinforced are utilized as , Q. ACSR (Alumi...

Q. ACSR (Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced) are utilized as (A) over head transmission lines.            (B) super conductors. (C) fuse

Define recommendations for design of ptfe sliding bearing, Define Recommend...

Define Recommendations for Design of PTFE Sliding Bearing? Other Recommendations for Design of PTFE Sliding Bearing 1. Expansion bearings having sliding surfaces of PTFE sha

Explain about overhauling of level xing, Q. Explain about Overhauling of Le...

Q. Explain about Overhauling of Level xing? Each level crossing except those laid with PSC sleepers must be opened out and the condition of sleepers and fittings, rails and fas

Theory of elasticity and plasticity, derivation for strain energy stored in...

derivation for strain energy stored in a body due to torsion

Computer programming, compare 2 numbers and print either the message identi...

compare 2 numbers and print either the message identifying the greater than number(or) the message starting that both number are equal

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd