Programming a 64-bit processor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

You are to write a C program called big_mult.c that multiplies two unsigned 64-bit integers, x and y, read from the command line. The output is a pair of unsigned 64-bit integers representing the most significant and least significant 64 bits of the full 128-bit product x * y. The inputs and outputs are to be given in hexadecimal format. Your C program will take care of reading the inputs and printing the output, but it will call a function mulq.s to do the actual multiplication. Your C program should use only unsigned long long int variables and should not do any arithmetic. To reduce the length of our type declarations, I put the following lines into hw3.h.
typedef unsigned long long int ulli;
typedef long long int lli;

This allows us to abbreviate unsigned long long int with the shorter name ulli and long long int with lli.

The function defined by mulq.s should have the following declaration in C before the function main.
void mulq(ulli x, ulli y, ulli *high, ulli *low);

The least significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to low, and the most significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to high. Remember to put an appropriate header comment into your assembly file (the ordinary C comment /* ... */ will work for assembly too). You will also need to read carefully the description of the mulq instruction in the Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, or equivalent documentation. Learning to read this two-volume 800+ page document is part of your learning experience on this assignment.

One way to approach writing this assembly program is to write a similar program in C, compile it to assembly code using the -S option, and modify the resulting assembly code to do what you need. Your final assembly code should be very short and should contain only one multiplication instruction mulq.
The compile command to test your programs will look like this:
gcc64 -Wall -std=gnu99 -o big_mult big_mult.c mulq.s .

Here are 32- and 64-bit sample outputs to use in testing your programs.
C:>big_mult 2f432f43 629b03cb
2f432f43 x 629b03cb = 12345678 87654321

C:>big_mult 99d0c486a0fad481 76a185cea6f497c7
99d0c486a0fad481 x 76a185cea6f497c7 = 4747474747474747 4747474747474747
.
Remember that arguments are passed differently in the 64-bit architecture than in the 32-bit architecture. The registers used for parameter passing in Windows are different from those described in the textbook for Unix. Windows passes only the first four parameters in registers. The registers used by Unix are %rdi, %rsi, %rdx, %rcx, %r8, %r9 in that order. The registers used by Windows are %rcx, %rdx, %r8, %r9 . See Class10.pdf for details on register usage.


Related Discussions:- Programming a 64-bit processor

Graph to display the variable, We will be using data from the 2008 Canadian...

We will be using data from the 2008 Canadian General Election Study.1 The data can be found on the course page. As well, there are three other documents (loosely called "codebooks"

Truth tables, Any function can be expressed in a truth table.A truth table ...

Any function can be expressed in a truth table.A truth table lists all possible combinations ofinputs and gives the output produced in eachcase.Truth tables must include all combin

Define handshaking, Define Handshaking. Handshaking is a method commonl...

Define Handshaking. Handshaking is a method commonly used to accompany ever data item being transfer with the control signal that show the presence of data in the bus. The unit

Digital communication systems, a pcm has the following parameters a maximum...

a pcm has the following parameters a maximum analog input frequency of 4khz maximum decoded voltage at the receiver of 2.55v minimum dr of 6db compute minimum sampling rate,minimum

Describe the architecture of electronic data exchange, Describe the Electro...

Describe the Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) architecture in brief. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) may be generally easy to understand as the replacement of paper-based purch

How can you pass a struct by reference in e, How can you pass a struct by r...

How can you pass a struct by reference in e?   The question is phrased in a tricky way because passing by reference is the default and only possible way to pass structs in e. I

Graph has a minimum spanning tree already computed, Assume that a graph has...

Assume that a graph has a minimum spanning tree already computed.  How fastly can the minimum spanning tree be updated if a new vertex and incident edges are added to G? If the

Mathematical applications, The current 32 and 64 bit machines can represent...

The current 32 and 64 bit machines can represent integers of around 9 digits and 30 digits respectively, while various scientific and mathematical applications have to represent in

Java, what is java?

what is java?

What is strobe, What is Strobe. Asynchronous data are transfer among tw...

What is Strobe. Asynchronous data are transfer among two independent unit needs that control signals to be transmitted among the communicating units to indicate the time at whi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd