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Using Pragma RESTRICT_REFERENCES:
The function called from the SQL statements should obey certain rules meant to control the side effects. To check for violation of the rules, you can use the RESTRICT_REFERENCES pragma that instructs the compiler to report reads and/or writes to database tables and/or package variables.
Avoiding Deadlocks
In some situations when executing a SQL data definition statement, the outcome is a deadlock.
For illustration, the procedure below causes a deadlock as it attempts to drop itself. To avoid the deadlocks, never try to ALTER or DROP a subprogram or package while you are still using it.
CREATE PROCEDURE calc_bonus (emp_id NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
...
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP PROCEDURE calc_bonus';
-- causes "timeout occur while waiting to the lock object" error
END;
Declaring Subprograms You can declare subprograms in any PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. But, you should declare subprograms at the end of the declarative part after a
Create a procedure named STATUS_SHIP_SP that allows a company to employee in the Shipping Department to update the status of an order to add shipping information. The BB_BASKETSTAT
What Is a Record ? A record is a group of related data items that stored in the fields, each with its own name and datatype. Assume that you have different data about an em
Use External Routines The PL/SQL is particular for the SQL transaction processing. Therefore, several tasks are more quickly completed in a lower-level language like C that is
Using DEFAULT You can use the keyword DEFAULT rather than that of the assignment operator to initialize the variables. For e.g. the declaration blood_type CHAR := ’O’; it can b
(a) What are decision support systems, and what role do they play in the business environment? (b) Data warehousing is defined as "a subject-oriented, integrated, non-volatile c
Example of DELETE - SQL As with UPDATE, a FOR PORTION OF clause can be specified if the target table has a defined period name, as illustrated in Example. Example: Deleting
%TYPE Attribute The %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a record, field, nested table, database column, or the variable. You can use the %TYPE attribute as the datatype speci
Positional Notation The first procedure call uses the positional notation. The PL/SQL compiler relates the first actual parameter, account, with the first proper parameter, ac
Recursion versus Iteration Dissimilar the iteration, recursion is not crucial to PL/SQL programming. Any problem which can be solved using recursion can be solving using the it
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