Pomology:  This is the study of fruits and fruit yielding plants of commercial importance.  Pomology is a branch of botany which studies or cultivates pome fruit, and particularly from the genera Prunus , Malus,  and Pyrus belonging to the family Rosaceae. This term is sometimes applied more broadly, to the cultivation of any kind of fruit. Pomological research is mainly based on the cultivation, development or physiological studies of stone fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree are to improve enhancement of fruit quality, reduction of production cost or regulation of production periods.

Pomology is an important area of research. During the mid-19th century in the United States country,farmers were expanding fruit orchard programs in response to growing markets. At the same time, agricultural colleges or horticulturists from the USDA were bringing new varieties to the United States from foreign expeditions or developing experimental lots for these fruits. In response to this interest or activity, USDA established the Division of Pomology in 1886.