Physiology and biochemistry evidences, Biology

Assignment Help:

PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY -

  • Ample and concrete evidence of organic evolution are obtained from the functional activity and chemical composition of animals.
  • J.B.S. Haldane (1937) stated that final theory of evolution will see it largely as a biochemical process.
  • Protoplasm - Protoplasm is a physical basis of life. Each cell is composed of a colloidal substance called protoplasm. The chemical composition of protoplasm is fundamentally similar in all animals.
  • Chromosome - Chromosomes are common to all living cells. They have the same chemical composition in all animals. Each chromosome is formed of proteins and nucleic acids. This is because of a common ancestry.
  • DNA - In all animals DNA functions 'as the genetic material. It is formed of many small units called nucleotides.
  • Each nucleotide has similar bases and attachment in all organisms.
  • Chimpanzees and humans share more than 97 percent of their genes.
  • Some genetic differences of vertebrates as estimated by DNA hybridization are as follows -

Organisms                                                % of difference in DNA sequences

Human/Chimpanzee                                                  1.6

Human/Gibbon                                                         3.6

Human/Rhesus monkey                                              5.5

  • Thus it can be concluded that closest living relative of man is chimpanzee. It can be proved by antiserum test.
  • Enzymes - Enzymes are proteins of high molecular weight necessary for the digestion of food. Trypsin is a protein has the same structure and function form protozoa to man. Similar amylase splits starch and occurs from the sponge to man. The similarity of enzymes shows interrelationship between various animals.
  • Hormones - Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine glands. Thyroxine secreted by vertebrates is similar in their structure and function. In frog it is essential for metamorphosis. Thyroxine deficiency in man can be treated with the thyroxine hormone of other animals.

Related Discussions:- Physiology and biochemistry evidences

Define assessment of manganese status, Define Assessment of Manganese Statu...

Define Assessment of Manganese Status? The body Mn status has not been yet established by laboratory tests. Though the normal range of serum Mn concentration is found out to b

What is the prothallus of pteridophytes, Q. What is the prothallus of pteri...

Q. What is the prothallus of pteridophytes? The gametophyte develops by mitosis from a spore and Prothallus is the pteridophyte gametophyte (the haploid individual that forms g

Surface run-off - causes of water pollution, Surface Run-off - Causes of Wa...

Surface Run-off - Causes of Water Pollution The surface run-off from cultivated lands where inorganic fertilisers, pesticides, insecticides and rich manure are applied and sol

Define principle of fehling test - reduction tests, Define Principle of feh...

Define Principle of fehling test - reduction tests? Sugars that possess a free or potentially free (those that can be converted to free) aldehyde or ketonic group have a proper

Mismatch and recombinational repair, Q. Mismatch and Recombinational repair...

Q. Mismatch and Recombinational repair? Mismatch repair: 1. Mismatches can take place when DNA polymerase inserts wrong nucleotide during replication 2. Mismatch repair is

What is action mechanism of antibiotic penicillin, Q. What is action mechan...

Q. What is action mechanism of antibiotic penicillin? Penicillin, discovered by the Scottish doctor Alexander Fleming in 1928, is a drug that inhibits enzymes essential for the

Trends in human evolution, Before we further proceed to discuss the fossil ...

Before we further proceed to discuss the fossil history of the humans we shall briefly look into what distinguishes humans or genus Homo from his ancestors namely the apes. These d

Oogenesis, Oogenesis Oogenesis is the formation of ovum from oogonial...

Oogenesis Oogenesis is the formation of ovum from oogonial cells that are formed in the ovary from primordial germ cells. And as in spermatogenesis it involves meiosis to pro

Define food intake and energy requirements for humans, Define Food Intake a...

Define Food Intake and Energy Requirements for Humans? Many studies have shown that the subjects loose significant amounts of body mass; fat mass, as well as, fat free mass du

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd