Physical properties of elements of group 13, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

Elements of Group 13 are less metallic than those of groups 1 and 2. Within the group, there is a variation in metallic character. Boron, the smallest element in this group is a non metal. The other elements in this group are fairly reactive metals. This is the first group in which 'change from non-metallic to metallic nature occurs.

The elements of Group 13 have smaller atomic radii and higher electro negativities as compared to s-block elements of the same period. However, these properties do not vary in a regular way down the group, in contrast to the properties of the element of, - Groups 1 and 2. You know that the size and the ionisation energies of atoms depend on effective nuclear charge of the-atom. B and Al follow immediately the s-block elements Be and Mg, respectively. Their size and ionisation energies are as expected. But between the s- and p-block elements of the fourth and successive rows, the d-block elements, i.e., the transition elements get inserted. The insertion of transition elements results in higher effective nuclear charge of the fourth row elements Ga, Ge, etc., than expected by simple extrapolation from the second and third row elements. In other words, the nuclei of these fourth row elements attract electrons more strongly than expected and this affects their properties. Thus, the atomic size of gallium is smaller; its electronegativity and ionisation energies higher than 8 expected. Atoms with dl0 Inner - shell, in general, are smaller and have higher   ionisation energies. In a similar way, the inclusion of fourteen electrons in 4f orbital further affects the size and ionisation energy of TI, As a result of this, irregularities in atomic radii, electronegativity and ionisation energies are seen from B to Tl.


Related Discussions:- Physical properties of elements of group 13

Compounds containing nitrogen, which compounds will dissolve in alkaline so...

which compounds will dissolve in alkaline solution after it has undergone reaction with hinsberg reagent

Double titration , How do we solve numerical problems in double titration

How do we solve numerical problems in double titration

Expansion work, write the expression for the expansion work?

write the expression for the expansion work?

Define conjugate acid-base pair and buffer, Q. Define Conjugate acid-base p...

Q. Define Conjugate acid-base pair and buffer? Buffers are substances that resist changes in pH. To "balance pH" means to buffer. Weak acids and bases make good buffers.

Main physical properties of hydrogen sulphide, Question 1: (i) What ar...

Question 1: (i) What are the main physical properties of hydrogen sulphide? (ii) Which occupational group of workers is often exposed to hydrogen sulphide? (iii) O

Energy of orbit, Energy of orbit: (1) Increases as we move away from nu...

Energy of orbit: (1) Increases as we move away from nucleus   (2) Decreases as we move away from nucleus  (3) Remains same as we move away from nucleus  (4)None of the

What are the hydrocarbons, Hydrocarbons are compounds made completely out o...

Hydrocarbons are compounds made completely out of Hydrogen and Carbon.

Mixed melting point - criteria of purity of organic compound, Mixed melting...

Mixed melting point - Criteria of purity of organic compound The melting point of two carefully mixed substances is known as mixed melting point. This can as well be used for

What transformations take place in photosynthesis, what transformations tak...

what transformations take place in photosynthesis?how does glucose help in the formation of ATP from ADP?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd