Neurons - Nervous System

Although neurons occur in a great variety of sizes and morphological forms, they have a basic plan of structure representing certain common characteristics. In general, the neurons exhibit the following cytological features. The cell body often neuron is called perikaryon.

A large number of processes called dendrites emerge out of the perikaryon these are relatively short, frequently branched, irregular in diameter and tapering. Besides these processes there is another structure, the axon that emerges from the perikaryon. It is a relatively long process and branches at its tip into terminal processes. The neuron all over is covered by a cell membrane named neurilemma.