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Each gene has a characteristic mutation rate. Mutation rates are often described as an average per gene basis. For instance, Drosophila has one detectable mutation per 10,000 loci, that is, 0.01% per locus. In humans spontaneous mutation rates have been calculated for some of the dominant lethi1 genes such as retinablastoma, chondrodystrophy and Huntington's chorea. These genes have rates varying from 0.01% to 0.001% per locus which means that one out of 10,000 or 100,000 loci mutates. This is true of most of eukaryotic mutation rates which range from to per locus. Jn prokaryotes the rates may be much lower, ranging from 10-4 to 10-6 per locus. Mutations can also occur in reverse direction by which it is ineant that a mutant gene can mutate back to its wild type form. However, reverse or back mutation rates are much lower than the forward mutation rates.
Define Japanese criteria for functional foods? The Japanese criteria for functional foods include: They are food (not capsules, pills/powder) on the basis of naturally o
Summer Stratification - Thermal stratification Thermal stratification is fairly pronounced during the summer seasons in most lakes of the temperate (cold) regions but is rare
Define Inadequate Dietary Intake - cause of anaemia is dietary? The commonest cause of anaemia is dietary inadequacy of iron. The dietary intakes arc usually half of the recomm
How to Calculate the Requirements for the Calcium in Body? Requirements for calcium depend upon the rate at which calcium is incorporated into bone; they are therefore highest
Annelids - Hormones in Growth and Reproduction Studies on polychaetes have displayed that the endocrine glands play a key role in growth and reproduction. In addition to the b
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) - The treatment of HIV infection requires combination therapy known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) along with inte
PENIS - Intromittent organ. Erectile, its apex is penis glanse. Covered by prepuce (part of skin). Main function is insemination (To transfer sperms in vagina in deep).
List the benefits of exercises. Benefits of exercise are : - improves sugar control - decreases HbA1c level - decreases blood pressure - decreases triglyceride lev
In the human body, the potassium ion can pass easily through cell membranes, yet the potassium ion concentration is higher inside many cells than it is outside these cells. Could t
Neurosecretory Systems Almost all groups of multicellular animals have been investigated to find out if neurosecretory cells are present in them. Such investigations have sho
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