Multicausal nature of cancer, Biology

Assignment Help:

Multicausal Nature of Cancer

With several dividing cells in the organism and the various proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that can be changed to cause cancer. one might expect cancer to be a more common event than it is. Several biologists believe that probably our/body has many initiated cells acquired throughout our life time but the several defense mechanisms of the body destroy them before they can cause cancer. Increasing proof now suggests that any single mutation in a cell is never by itself enough to cause cancer. Just only when a single cell suffers several sequential mutations does it lastly lose its regulation over its cell cycle and a fully fledged cancer results. One of the diseases which explains this concept is colorectal cancer. Primarily, in normal epithelium a suppressor gene on chromosome 5 is inactivated or lost. Next comes hypomethylation of DNA that is followed by mutation of ras proto-oncogene.

The losses of chromosomes 18 and 17 whole the transformation into a cancer cell. Further chromosome losses give the tumor the ability to form metastases. More and more research is being done on what in fact activates or turns on the genes in tumor cells and the role that individual oncogenes play in making the cells cancerous. By comparing DNA sequences of known oncogenes along with genes for cell growth and growth receptors, investigators have begun to identify key genes. For instance, an oncogenes has been found to correspond to the gene that functions as a growth factor in the healing of wounds. The invention of newer oncogenes is leading towards a better understanding of normal cell growth pathways and as well the-role of proto-oncogenes in development processes. The current efforts in prevention and treatment of cancers are characterized via a multidisciplinary approach. Early detection and characterization of the tumor is an important prerequisite for effective treatment. Understanding the cellular and molecular aspects of growth, differentiation and neoplastic change will provide clues to development of effective drugs for treatment. The combined efforts of developmental biologists and medical scientists can eventually lead to alleviation of human suffering from the disease.


Related Discussions:- Multicausal nature of cancer

Explain the work of linnaeus in animal taxonomy, Explain the work of Linnae...

Explain the work of Linnaeus in animal Taxonomy? In 18th century, the work of Linnaeus and his followers (Haartman, 1751, 1764, Kolreuter, 1761-66) helped systematic to advance

Why is aids difficult to prevent by vaccination, Why is AIDS difficult to p...

Why is AIDS difficult to prevent by vaccination? It is complex to produce a vaccine against AIDS because the HIV is a highly mutant virus. In almost every replication the produ

Use of syphilis in pregnancy, Syphilis in Pregnancy Syphilis in pregna...

Syphilis in Pregnancy Syphilis in pregnant women should be treated with penicillin in doses appropriate to the stage of the disease. When pregnant women with syphilis are alle

Discuss refractive and response to wound functions of cornea, Discuss the r...

Discuss the refractive and response to wound functions of cornea. Refractive Function: Cornea, through its interaction with the tear film, forms a smooth refractive functi

Cartoon, A dialogue and cartoon between haemoglobin and chlorophyll

A dialogue and cartoon between haemoglobin and chlorophyll

Explain syndrome x as a effect of obesity, Explain Syndrome X as a Effect o...

Explain Syndrome X as a Effect of Obesity? People with intra-abdominal obesity with high waist- to- hip ratio are more prone to develop the metabolic syndrome X. This is charac

Bacterial diseases-botulism, Botulism Botulism is a rapidly fatal motor...

Botulism Botulism is a rapidly fatal motor paralysis. It is caused by ingestion of toxin of Clostridium botulinum in food. Many species of domesticated, wild animals and birds

Genotypically and phenotypically, 1. In the human, normal pigmentation ( A ...

1. In the human, normal pigmentation ( A ) is dominant to albinism ( a ). What results would be expected from the following matings, both genotypically and phenotypically? AA x

Divisions of meiosis, Divisions of Meiosis: Meiosis is characterized by ...

Divisions of Meiosis: Meiosis is characterized by two nuclear divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II. • The first division is a reduction division. • The second meiotic divis

Determine different varieties of the same phenotypical trait, For an indivi...

For an individual having a genotype formed of two different alleles that condition different varieties of the same phenotypical trait, upon what will the phenotypical feature actua

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd