Macroscopic and microscopic approaches - thermodynamics, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Macroscopic and Microscopic approaches - Thermodynamics:

Thermodynamic studies are undertaken by following two different approaches.
 l. Macroscopic approach (Macro mean big)

2. Microscopic approach (Micro means small)

The state or condition of system can be described completely by measured values of pressure, temperature and volume that are called macroscopic or time averaged variables. In classical

thermodynamics, macroscopic approach is considered. The results obtained are of adequate accuracy and validity.

Statistical thermodynamics uses microscopic approach. It is based on the kinetic theory. The matter consists of large number of molecules that move randomly in chaotic fashion. At particular moment, each molecule has a specific position, velocity and energy. The characteristics change very frequently because of collision between molecules. The overall behavior of matter is predicted by statistically averaging the behavior of individual molecules.

Microscopic view helps to gain better understanding of the laws of thermodynamics. But, it is rather complex, cumbersome and time consuming. Engineering thermodynamic study is macroscopic and most of analysis is made by it.

These approaches are discussed below:

Macroscopic approach

Microscopic approach

1.  In this approach certain quantity of matter is considered without taking into account the events taking place at molecular level. Or we can say that this approach to thermodynamics is concerned with gross or overall behavior. This is called as classical thermodynamics.

 

2. The analysis of macroscopic system requires easy mathematical formulae.

 

 

3.  The values of properties of system are their average values. For instance, consider a sample of gas in a closed container. The pressure of gas is the average value of pressure exerted by millions of individual molecules. Likewise the temperature of this gas is the average value of transnational kinetic energies of millions of individual molecules. These properties such as pressure and temperature can be measured easily. The changes in properties can be felt by us.

4.  In order to describe system only a few properties are required.

1.  The approach considers that system is made up of a very large number of discrete particles called as molecules. These molecules are having different velocities and energies. The values of these energies are changing constantly with time. This approach to thermodynamics that is concerned directly with structure of matter is called as statistical thermodynamics.

2.  The behavior of system is can be determined by using statistical methods, as number of molecules is very large. So superior statistical and mathematical methods are required to explain the changes in the system.

3.  The properties such as velocity, impulse, kinetic energy, momentum, and instruments cannot be easily measure force of impact etc. which describe the molecule. We cannot feel them.

 

 

 

4.  Large numbers of variables are required to describe a system. Thus the approach is complicated.

 


Related Discussions:- Macroscopic and microscopic approaches - thermodynamics

What is the difference between = = = and = =, What is the difference betwee...

What is the difference between = = = and = = ? output of "==" can be 1, 0 or X. output of "===" can only be 0 or 1. When you are comparing 2 nos using "==" and if one/bo

By using what nested macro calls are expanded, Nested Macro calls are expan...

Nested Macro calls are expanded using the? Ans. By using the LIFO (Last in First out) Nested Macro calls are expanded.

Command mode to insertion mode using vi editor, How to enter from command m...

How to enter from command mode to insertion mode using Vi Editor? Ans) There are various commands that put the VI editor into insert mode. The most usually used commands to get

How and what data is collected - weather simulation, How and what data is c...

How and what data is collected - Weather simulation -  Sensors measure pressure, relative humidity, temperature and wind speed and wind direction -  Sensors are placed in w

C, "Super ASCII", if it contains the character frequency equal to their asc...

"Super ASCII", if it contains the character frequency equal to their ascii values. String will contain only lower case alphabets (''a''-''z'') and the ascii values will starts from

Explain about shared features of olap, Shared executes most of the security...

Shared executes most of the security features into OLAP. If multiple accesses are needed admin can make essential changes. The default security level for all OLAP products is read

Cascade delete options, Create a relationship among Employee and Sales tabl...

Create a relationship among Employee and Sales tables using Emp No. Enforce referential integrity and select both cascade update and cascade delete options. Save the relationship.

Rational schema, write the rational schema and draw it’s dependency diagram...

write the rational schema and draw it’s dependency diagram. Identify all dependencies.

What is the meaning of aliasing, a. What is the meaning of aliasing? What a...

a. What is the meaning of aliasing? What are its drawbacks? Describe a method to remove aliasing, using post filtering. b. How can you copy a Pixmap from one place to another

Automatic stock control system in a supermarket, Automatic Stock Control Sy...

Automatic Stock Control System in a Supermarket -  Bar codes are associated to all goods/items sold by the supermarket as a means of identification -  Every bar code is asso

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd