Macroscopic and microscopic approaches - thermodynamics, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Macroscopic and Microscopic approaches - Thermodynamics:

Thermodynamic studies are undertaken by following two different approaches.
 l. Macroscopic approach (Macro mean big)

2. Microscopic approach (Micro means small)

The state or condition of system can be described completely by measured values of pressure, temperature and volume that are called macroscopic or time averaged variables. In classical

thermodynamics, macroscopic approach is considered. The results obtained are of adequate accuracy and validity.

Statistical thermodynamics uses microscopic approach. It is based on the kinetic theory. The matter consists of large number of molecules that move randomly in chaotic fashion. At particular moment, each molecule has a specific position, velocity and energy. The characteristics change very frequently because of collision between molecules. The overall behavior of matter is predicted by statistically averaging the behavior of individual molecules.

Microscopic view helps to gain better understanding of the laws of thermodynamics. But, it is rather complex, cumbersome and time consuming. Engineering thermodynamic study is macroscopic and most of analysis is made by it.

These approaches are discussed below:

Macroscopic approach

Microscopic approach

1.  In this approach certain quantity of matter is considered without taking into account the events taking place at molecular level. Or we can say that this approach to thermodynamics is concerned with gross or overall behavior. This is called as classical thermodynamics.

 

2. The analysis of macroscopic system requires easy mathematical formulae.

 

 

3.  The values of properties of system are their average values. For instance, consider a sample of gas in a closed container. The pressure of gas is the average value of pressure exerted by millions of individual molecules. Likewise the temperature of this gas is the average value of transnational kinetic energies of millions of individual molecules. These properties such as pressure and temperature can be measured easily. The changes in properties can be felt by us.

4.  In order to describe system only a few properties are required.

1.  The approach considers that system is made up of a very large number of discrete particles called as molecules. These molecules are having different velocities and energies. The values of these energies are changing constantly with time. This approach to thermodynamics that is concerned directly with structure of matter is called as statistical thermodynamics.

2.  The behavior of system is can be determined by using statistical methods, as number of molecules is very large. So superior statistical and mathematical methods are required to explain the changes in the system.

3.  The properties such as velocity, impulse, kinetic energy, momentum, and instruments cannot be easily measure force of impact etc. which describe the molecule. We cannot feel them.

 

 

 

4.  Large numbers of variables are required to describe a system. Thus the approach is complicated.

 


Related Discussions:- Macroscopic and microscopic approaches - thermodynamics

Describe the vertical frequency or cycle, Q. Describe the Vertical Frequenc...

Q. Describe the Vertical Frequency or cycle? Like a Fluorescent lamp, the screen has to repeat same image many times per second to display an image to user. The frequency of th

Example of asymptotic notations, Q. Example of asymptotic notations? Th...

Q. Example of asymptotic notations? The function f (n) belongs to the set  (g(n)) if there exists positive constants c such that for satisfactorily large values of n we have 0

Artificial neural networks, Artificial Neural Networks: However imagin...

Artificial Neural Networks: However imagine now in this example as the inputs to our function were arrays of pixels and there actually taken from photographs of vehicles such

System software, what can be the good projects for system software subject

what can be the good projects for system software subject

Convert the following into sop form, Convert the following into SOP form ...

Convert the following into SOP form 1. (A+B) (B'+C) (A'+ C) 2. (A'+C) (A'+B'+C') (A+B') 3. (A+C) (AB'+AC) (A'C'+B)

Define b2b - business to business, B2B - Business to Business  It is a...

B2B - Business to Business  It is a mode of conducting business among two or more companies over the Internet, rather than more traditional modes like as telephone, mail, and f

What is a privileged instruction, What is a privileged instruction? To ...

What is a privileged instruction? To protect the operating system of a computer from being corrupted by user programs, particular instructions can be executed only whereas the

How do stubs work in a weblogic server cluster, Clients that join to a WebL...

Clients that join to a WebLogic Server cluster and look up a clustered object get a replica-aware stub for the object. This stub haves the list of available server instances that h

Basic working of semiconductors, Q. Basic working of Semiconductors? Se...

Q. Basic working of Semiconductors? Semiconductors are crystalline solid materials whose resistivities have values between those of conductors and insulators. Conductivity rang

Computer graphics, explain area sub division method algorithm

explain area sub division method algorithm

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd