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INTRODUCTION : It took just hundred years for cardiac surgery to advance to what it is today. Before 1896, surgeons considered heart to be "inviolable" and it was stated that operating directly on the pulsating heart can be done but the patient will not survive, In 1896, Ludwig Rehn, a German Surgeon, sutured a wound in the heart caused by stab injury. Discovery of X-ray in 1895 and electrocardiographic recording in 1924, paved the way for the better understanding of diseases of the heart. In 1929, Warner Frossman from Germany did the first right heart catheterization on himself.
Rehn and Sauerbrock from Germany did the first partial pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis (1913). Mitral stenosis was one of the earliest intra cardiac lesions to be treated surgically. Cutler and Levine (1923) using a special knife attached to the finger and Souttar is using digital dilatation were the earliest surgeons to treat mitral stenosis. However, effective closed mitral valvotomy procedures were established by Harken and Bailey in the US and Brock in UK.
Explain Adverse Effects of ganciclovir Ganciclovir is teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes aspermatogenesis in animals. Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, whi
Left Main Coronary Artery Disease (LMCAD) : Stenosis of 50 per cent or more of the left main coronary artery is an indication. If or surgery. Results of medical management are ver
Q. What is Juvenile Mitral Stenosis ? Peculiar to developing countries is the problem of juvenile mitral stenosis. Patients with rheumatic fever develop tight mitral stenosis i
Q. Describe Bentham and Hookers System? Bernard de Jussieu (1699-1776) tried to classify the plants in Royal Garden, Paris. During this exercise he developed a system of classi
Which of the following is true for SA node cardiac muscle cells? A. An increase in the binding of norepinephrine to beta-adrenergic receptors in SA node cells will lead to an i
Determine the Functional Food in Europe? Functional foods are: Conventional/everyday foods consumed as a part of the normal diet; Composed of naturally-occurring co
about kinematics
Part of the endocrine system in humans, these 2 glands are small bodies located at upper end of every kidney. While these glands perform a range of functions, two of the most signi
How do you explain in the absence of aldehyde group in the pentaacetate of D-glucose? Ans) when you react glucose with acetic anhydrate it forms pentaacetate with 5 OH grops it tel
Describe Class Agnatha in details? Class Agnatha takes its name from the Greek word "gnathos," which means jaw, and "a," which is the prefix for "without." These jawless fishes
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