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Inductive effect - Relative reactivity of aldehydes and ketones
The comparative re-activities of aldehydes and ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions might be attributed to the amount of positive charge on the carbon. As a higher positive charge seems a higher reactivity. Determine if the positive charge is detached throughout the molecule, the carbonyl compound turns out to be much more stable and its reactivity decreases. Here now, alkyl set is an electron releasing group (+I inductive effect). Hence, electron releasing energy of two alkyl groups in ketones is much more than that of one alkyl set in aldehyde. Since a product, the electron deficiency of carbon atom in the carbonyl group is satisfied much more in ketones as compared to in aldehydes. Hence, the replaced positive charge on carbon in case of ketones discourages the attack of nucleophiles. Therefore ketones are minimum reactive as compared to aldehydes. Formaldehyde correlated to no alkyl sets is the most reactive of the aldehydes and ketones. So, the order of reactivity is:
A filled or half-filled set of p or d -orbitals is spherically symmetric. Point out the species which has spherical symmetry: (1) Na (2) C
Alkyl ligands form metal carbon σ bonds. Usually they occur in conjunction with other organic ligands or CO, but may be achieved on their own, as in tungsten hexamethyl (1), and
What are laws of crystallography? How does it help in study of crystal structure?
Use of the Grignard solution to prepare 2,2,6-trimethyl-5-phenylheptan-3-one: Prepare a solution of your enone (5.64 g; 0.030 moles) in dry ether (30 mL) and add it to the dro
ionic bond
Anesthetics: It may be described as those drugs that generate insensibility to the major functions of all types of cell particularly of nervous system. Anesthetics may be categ
I WANT FIGURE FOR POENTIONSTAATIC COULOMETRY
describe the reaction and constitution of glucose.
Correct statement is: (1) K=4s 1 , Cr= 3d 4 4s 2 , Cu= 3d 10 4s 2 (2) K=4s 2, Cr= 3d 4 4s 2 , Cu= 3d 10 4s 2 (3) K=4s 2 Cr= 3d 5 4s 1 , Cu= 3d 10
Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is a macroscopic science and its most fundamental level is the study of two physical energy, entropy and quantities. Energy may be regarded as the
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