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Increased overheads on update: On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the relation require to be updated at the similar time, resulting in increased overheads. For instance, in a banking system, if account information is replicated at several sites, it is essential that the balance in a particular account should be the similar at all sites.
The problem of controlling concurrent updates by various transactions to replicated data is more difficult than the centralised approach of concurrency control. The management of replicas of relation can be simplified by deciding one of the replicas as the primary copy. For instance, in a banking system, the primary copy of an account may be the site at which the account has been opened. Likewise, in an airline reservation system, the primary copy of the flight may be related with the site at which the flight originates.
Determine the steps of path in association network You can analyse use of paths in association network in the following steps: Examine every operation and see what asso
What are the properties in a relation ? In a relation Ordering of rows is immaterial and No two rows are identical.
Define Outer join Outer join - If there are any type of values in the one table that do not have corresponding value(s) in the other, in an equi-join which will not be selected
Part: Recommended (Non-query) Optimisations This section entitled "Recommended (non-query) optimisations" should be a brief report containing recommended optimisations you would
The figure below depicts the conceptual diagram of a banking system. (a) Describe one example relevant to the system in figure, for each of the 4 types of enterprise appl
You are managing the following database system: • DBMS: Oracle 11g • OS: Sun Solaris • System architecture: Web-based application using ASP.Net • Purpose of Server: HR managem
Define Cascading rollback The phenomenon where a single transaction failure leads to a series of transaction rollbacks is known as Cascading rollback.
Differentiate between a unique key and a primary key. - By default, clustered index on column are created by primary key while nonclustered index are created by unique key.
Example: RELATIONAL SCHEMA for PERSON: PERSON (PERSON_ID: integer, NAME: string, AGE: integer, ADDRESS: String) RELATION INSTANCE In this instance, m = 3 and n = 4
Consider a database schema consisting of four relations, whose schemas are: Product (maker, model, type) PC (model, speed, ram, hd, price) Laptop (model, speed, ram, hd, s
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