How do time and temperature work in soil formation?  

The time taken for the soil formation may be more  in some cases  or less in others. Hard rocks  require more time as compared to soft rocks  and accordingly the formation of  mature soil which has clear horizon development depending upon the nature of rock. Temperature is one of the climatic factors which works by affecting the P/E ratio.   High temperature causes poor ratio and low temperature  causes good ratio. It works by affecting chemical reactions and influencing growth of various microorganism. Rainfall is another climatic factor which coupled with temperature, determines the process of soil development.