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Bonding and ant bonding orbitals
Just as an atomic orbital (AO) is the wavefunction for an electron in an atom so a molecular orbital (MO) is that for a molecule; an MO will extend over two or more atoms. Exact MOs will be calculated by solution of Schrödinger's equation for the one-electron ion but as in atoms the extension of the orbital approach to manyelectron systems involves approximations. For MOs a further approximation is made: rather than using the same but very complicated wavefunction for it is convenient to express each MO as a linear combination of AOs, the so-called LCAO approximation. This approximation have to be refined considerably for quantitative calculations on computers, but it is adequate for qualitative purposes and provides very efficient pictures of how chemical bonds form, and how they are related to the valence AOs of the atoms involved.
Fig. 1. Formation of a bonding and antibonding MO from the overlap of 1s AOs in H2
Classification of Carboxylic acids (a) Carboxylic acids are categorized as dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids and monocarboxylic acids etc. depending upon the number of -
Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment eventually led to the conclusion that: (1)The point of impact with matter can be precisely determined (2)Electrons occupy s
Synthetic element compounds
Alum is a chemical (aluminum potassium sulphate) it tends to be whitish powder with various uses.
Q. Explain Basic physical properties of Gas? Ans. Gases are the least dense phase of matter. Gases can be easily expanded or compressed. They exert pressure equally in
The frequency of radiation emitted when the electron falls from n= 4 to n=1 in a hydrogen atom will be (Given ionization energy of H = 2.18x 10 -18 J atom-1 and h= 6.625x 10-
Important reaction
WATER =1.3330 SEAWATER=1.33940 OIL=1.5204
Aldehyde is a carbonyl compound in which one valency of carbonyl carbon is satisfied by hydrogen atom and other by a alkyl group.
Factors effecting lattice energy of ionic compound
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