The purpose of this assessment is to demonstrate knowledge of scientific concepts and be able to apply this knowledge to health breakdown and nursing practice.
Case study
John (85 years old) is a resident at a high dependency aged care facility (nursing home). He has developed infectious conjunctivitis in his right eye. On examination, his eye was found to be red and swollen with a purulent and sticky discharge. His vision was unaffected; however he did complain that his eye was painful. The doctor prescribed Chloramphenicol eye drops which were to be administered to both eyes.
1. What is infectious conjunctivitis?
2. Of the four micro-organisms listed below, justify which one is more likely to be the cause of John's eye infection. Explain why the other micro-organisms from the list are least likely to cause the infection.
- Legionella pneumophila
- Plasmodium ovale
- Adenovirus
- Haemophilus influenzae
3. Provide a scientific rationale for why Chloramphenicol was prescribed by the doctor before taking a swab sample.
4. Identify and discuss the various chemical and cellular mediators which are responsible for the signs and symptoms of John's condition.
5. Explain the role of tears as a natural first line of defence produced by the body.
6. Identify and discuss two infection control issues associated with high dependency aged care facilities that can contribute to the spread of conjunctivitis.
7. Suggest two procedures nurses will need to undertake to prevent the infection from John's eye being transmitted to another individual. Explain how each procedure will effectively break the chain of infection.