Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

Things to do before an earthquake for minimizing losses, Things to do-  We ...

Things to do-  We ought to aide by earthquake resisting building codes during construction and retrofitting of existing buildings. We should have a first AID box handy and learn

Oligochaetes - feeding and digestion in annelids, Oligochaetes - Feeding an...

Oligochaetes - Feeding and Digestion in Annelids In between annelids, the oligochaetes which comprise mostly earthworms, feed on dead, decomposing organic vegetation. They as

How to defibrillate, How to Defibrillate? Three shocks should be given...

How to Defibrillate? Three shocks should be given initially in a 200J - 200J - 360J sequence. For most recoverable situations, 200J would be adequate and results in least myco

What are the symptoms of pectic ulcer, Q. What are the Symptoms of pectic u...

Q. What are the Symptoms of pectic ulcer? Increased gastric tone and painful hunger contraction when stomach is empty. Hunger contraction 1-3 hours after meals is the main com

Skeletal system - sternum, STERNU M - It is long, naroow, flat vertica...

STERNU M - It is long, naroow, flat vertical bone in the middle of the front wall of the chest. 15 cms long. It is dagger shaped having manubrium body & xiphoid process.

Explain precautions for gram staining of bacterial cultures, Explain Precau...

Explain Precautions for Gram Staining of Bacterial Cultures? 1. Heat fix the smear, otherwise cells would be washed off. 2. Fresh 24 hrs old culture should be used. Gram var

Formation of primary urine in malpighian tubules, Normal 0 fals...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Radiography, RADIOGRAPHY You  have read  in GNM courses about radiographi...

RADIOGRAPHY You  have read  in GNM courses about radiographical examination. In this text the discussion will be on the following radiographical tests.   Chest Roentgenogram

Function of lipids, FUNCTIO N OF LIPIDS Fats are storage products ...

FUNCTIO N OF LIPIDS Fats are storage products of both plants and animals. I n plants , fats are commonly stored in spores and seeds while in animals they are sto

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd