Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Food-borne Clostridium
Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.
Epidemiology: Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.
Clinical features: In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.
Diagnosis: Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.
Amphibians is the class of terrestrial vertebrates which lay their eggs (and mate) in water but live on land as adults following the juvenile stage where they live in water and br
Andalusian chickens may be either black, white, or gray. The gene for black is not dominant over the gene for white, nor is the gene for white dominant over the gene for black. Whe
Open Type of Circulatory Systems Several non-chordates have thus an open type of circulation - a system in which blood pumped by the heart empties through an artery into an op
Puerperal Psychosis: Child birth can precipitate schizophrenia, depression and mania. Management: it depends on the nature of the symptoms. Danger to self and othcrs (inc
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is one of the important enzymes in glycolysis which catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate as follows: Functional lactate d
Explain the Disadvantages of tissue punch - There is a loss of keratini-ed tissue and this can lead to a compromised soft tissue barrier in cases where there is deficiency of a
Symptoms: The E. coli gastroenteritis syndrome is caused by the ingestion of 10 6 -10 10 viable cells/g that must colonize the small intestine and produce enterotoxin. The syndr
6
A simple osmometer Remove the bottom from a small glass bottle about 2.5 cm in diameter. Fit a one-hole stopper tightly into the bottom and put a 50 cm length of glass tubing o
You have identified a protein in a cell that you know that comes from the human body. With respect to that protein you have also determined that it allows sodium ions to go through
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd