Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

Explain the various types of protein structure, Explain the various types o...

Explain the various types of Protein Structure? Protein Structure :  The structure of proteins can be examined at four levels of increasing complexity, with the primary struc

State the term - functional neuroanatomy, State the term - Functional neuro...

State the term - Functional neuroanatomy Functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures. One application of this kind of research is to he

Explain the use of spectinomycin in pregnancy, Use of Spectinomycin in Preg...

Use of Spectinomycin in Pregnancy  Spectinomycin (Trobicin) can be used to treat pregnant women allergic to beta-lactam antibiotics, but is unreliable against pharyngeal gonoco

What is autoclave sterilization, Q. What is Autoclave sterilization? Wo...

Q. What is Autoclave sterilization? Word "autoclave" means self locking and is used to denote an apparatus that sterilizes by use of steam under pressure. It operates on same

Explain guar gum, Guar Gum Guar Gum is derived from seed of legume Cyam...

Guar Gum Guar Gum is derived from seed of legume Cyamopsis tetragonalobus resembling soyabean plant. Guar gum is composed of Galactomannan Galactose: mannose in the ratio 1:2.

What are the chemical requirements of implant materials, What are the Chemi...

What are the Chemical requirements of implant materials It must withstand corrosion by body fluids It should not have any direct or indirect negative effects on the surround

Explain the bioavailability of vitamin d, Explain the Bioavailability of Vi...

Explain the Bioavailability of Vitamin D? The nutritional availability of vitamin D is less significant because it can be endogenously produced and retained for long periods by

User charges, Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Explain pollen grains, Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the sti...

Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the similar plant is known as? Geitonogamy

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd