Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Food-borne Clostridium
Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.
Epidemiology: Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.
Clinical features: In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.
Diagnosis: Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.
Multidrug Resistance Treatment of MDRTB is based on limited data; patients should be referred, if possible, to clinicians who have experience in treating such cases. MDRTB (r
What happens when the oxygen supply is insufficient to maintain aerobic cellular respiration during muscle exercise? If oxygen from hemoglobin or myoglobin is not enough for th
To which heart chamber does the blood go after leaving the left atrium? What is the valve that separates these compartments? The arterial blood that has come from the lungs to
Q. What are the few examples of the structural function of organic molecules? Ans. Organic molecules have a structural function as they are part of cell membranes, organ w
Q. Drugs and Insulin used in diabetes? When diet, exercise or even weight reduction do not improve the diabetic symptoms and blood sugar levels, the uses of hypoglycemia drugs
Passage of Pollen Tube In cotton, the pollen produces a tube within an hour which grows on the surface of the stigmatic hairs, and then between the cells of the stigma at the
Name the most important allosteric effector of glycolysis in the liver. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is the most important allosteric effector of glycolysis in the liver
labelled diagram of male and female cockroach with difference between them
Which are the organs of the excretory system? The excretory system is produced of kidneys (two), ureters (two), bladder and urethra. The Excretory System - Image Diversity:
The vertebral bodies are much larger in the lower back than the neck. What is the functional significance of this structural difference?
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd