Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

What does an anther have on it, What does an anther have on it? The ant...

What does an anther have on it? The anther is the part of the flower that keeps the pollen. This and the filament both make up the stamen.

Pollen tube structure, Pollen Tube Structure The pollen tube in the s...

Pollen Tube Structure The pollen tube in the stigma is filled with cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria and dictyosomes. The number of dictyosome cisternae is reduced i

Woodland stage - hydrarch, Woodland Stage - Hydrarch When the lowland ...

Woodland Stage - Hydrarch When the lowland has been built up to an extent where the soil is saturated perhaps only in spring and early summer, certain species of shrubs and tr

Define the functions of vitamin a, Define the Functions of Vitamin A? V...

Define the Functions of Vitamin A? Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential nutrient needed in small amounts by humans for the normal functioning of the visual system, growth and de

Explain phylum chlorophyta, Phylum Chlorophyta (green algae) 1) The c...

Phylum Chlorophyta (green algae) 1) The chlorophyll is the main photosynthetic pigment. 2) There is little or no cell differention in thallus. Thallus is usually filamento

Disorders related to nutrition and digestive system, DISORDE R RELATED TO ...

DISORDE R RELATED TO NUTRITION AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Malnutrition Malnutrition is improper intake of food. Malnutrion covers both undernutrition and overnutrition. Und

Osmosis, If you have water, 10% sucrose, and 40% sucrose solution. Which so...

If you have water, 10% sucrose, and 40% sucrose solution. Which solutions were isotonic to each other?

Determine the working of law of diminishing return, Determine the working o...

Determine the working of Law of diminishing return According to the 'Law of diminishing return' the increase in the yield by a unit increase of the defi cient factor is proport

Nutrient requirements for preterm and low birth weight, Define the Nutrient...

Define the Nutrient requirements for preterm and low birth weight? Energy: For preterm infants 1.20 Kcal/kg/day,            For normal infants 108 Kcal/ kg/ day. Proteins

Nutritional management for diarrhoea, Q. Nutritional management for diarrho...

Q. Nutritional management for diarrhoea? The conservative concept of treatment for diarrhoea was not in favour of feeding adequate amount of food. However, with the identificat

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd