Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

What are imago and nymph, Q. What are imago and nymph? Nymphs are larva...

Q. What are imago and nymph? Nymphs are larvae of hemimetabolic insects (like grasshoppers). They are very similar to the adult insect although smaller, In holometabolic insect

Explain the resorbable barriers - root perforation, Explain the Resorbable ...

Explain the Resorbable Barriers - Root Perforation It is successfully control internal bleeding through cronal access It is intended to forced in the bone, not left wi

Photometer-radiation instrument, Photometer Photometer (Figure shown be...

Photometer Photometer (Figure shown below) measures the intensity of light. The metallic plate A is a photocell which emits electrons from its surface when light of sufficient

Why he literally paralyzed the cilia, Your patient has a respiratory diseas...

Your patient has a respiratory disease that has literally paralyzed the cilia. Explain why this patient would be at an increased risk for a respiratory infection.

Auxins, Auxins The history of discovery of auxin is a fascinating chap...

Auxins The history of discovery of auxin is a fascinating chapter in plant physiology. The hormone auxin was discovered first, through some elegant experiments by Charles Darw

Iron age, Explain the factors that led to the decline of Science in Europe ...

Explain the factors that led to the decline of Science in Europe during iron age

Corelation of st depressoin with coronary angiography, Q. Corelation of ST ...

Q. Corelation of ST Depressoin with Coronary Angiography? Various investigators considered 1 mm of horizontal or downsloping ST depression to denote a positive test and used fr

Discuss hemoglobin electrophoresis, Question 1 Discuss briefly the acid ba...

Question 1 Discuss briefly the acid base disorders and the biochemical findings in each disorder Question 2 Discuss hemoglobin electrophoresis and its applications. How it

Explain phylum phaeophyta, Phylum Phaeophyta (brown algae) 1) They are ...

Phylum Phaeophyta (brown algae) 1) They are brown algae, apart from chlorophyll they have brown pigment i.e. fucoxanthin which predominates. 2) They are one of ,the most com

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd