Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

Describe valvular ps murmur and their characterstics, Describe Valvular PS ...

Describe Valvular PS Murmur and their characterstics? Characteristic: Harsh crescendo-decrescendo murmur along the left sternal border and loudest at pulmonary area, conducted

Are bacteria the only prokaryotic beings, Q Are bacteria the only prokaryot...

Q Are bacteria the only prokaryotic beings? Prokaryotic beings are classified into two big groups: bacteria and archaebacteria (this last also known as eubacteria). Compared

Explain about the microcolony deft, Explain about the Microcolony DEFT? ...

Explain about the Microcolony DEFT? It allows determination of viable cells. Food homogenate is filtered through a DEFT membrane and then placed on the surface of appropriate c

Define carbohydrate requirements for physical fitness, Define Carbohydrate ...

Define Carbohydrate Requirements for Physical Fitness? Carbohydrate is the primary fuel for high intensity exercise, Increased intake of carbohydrate on a consistent basis enab

Deficiency diseases-selenium and vitamin e deficiency, Selenium and vitamin...

Selenium and vitamin E deficiency Selenium is an essential micro-mineral required for various physiological functions and for immunity against a variety of diseases. It is an i

Does the entire human genome into nucleosomes, How many of each type of cor...

How many of each type of core histone would it take to wrap the entire human genome into nucleosomes? How has evolution solved the problem of producing such a large number of prote

Why is water conservation in c3 c4 and cam plants important, Why is water c...

Why is water conservation in c3 c4 and cam plants important? Cam stands for Crassulacean acid metabolism. C3 and C4 conserve less water than Cam plants. Actually, C4 plan

Difference between a bird heart and a mammalian heart, What is the main dif...

What is the main difference between a bird heart and a mammalian heart? The bird heart has a one aortic arch on the right side of its body while the mammalian heart has one on

What are the results of chrchronic pulmonary thromboembolism, What are the ...

What are the Results of Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism? Results :  The reported mortality is between 5 and 24 per cent. On follow-up, the six-year survival in the best ce

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd