Food-borne clostridium, Biology

Assignment Help:

Food-borne Clostridium


Clostridium botulinum and Cl. perfringens, the two members of the group have been implicated in food-borne illnesses. C. botulinum causes classical food-borne botulism due to ingestion of preformed toxin in food.


Epidemiology:
Clostridia grow anaerobically in rewarmed food dishes produce toxin. These are gram-positive, anaerobic sporulating, catalase negative rod shaped organisms.


Clinical features:
In case of poisoning due to Cl. botulinum, incubation period var ies from 24-9 6 ho urs. Toxin absorbe d fro m gut blo cks acetylcho line at neuromuscular junction. Diplopia, dysphagia, dysphonia and respiratory involvement occur. Mortality rate is high.Incubation period in case of Cl. perfringens ranges from 8-16 hours. Enterotoxin produced during sporulation in gut causes hyper secretion. Sudden onset of profuse diarrhoea occurs that may occasionally be accompanied with vomiting. Recovery takes in 1- 4 days.


Diagnosis:
Robertson cooked meat medium is used for enrichment, however, other specific enrichment media are also available. The horse blood agar and anaerobic egg yolk agar are the recommended plating media for isolation of Cl. botulinum. The colonies are raised or flat, smooth or rough and commonly show some spreading with irregular edge. The selective media for isolation of Cl. Perfringens are tryptose sulphate cycloserine (TCS) agar, sulphate-polymyxin-sulphadiazine (SPS) agar, Shahid Ferguson perfringens (SFP) agar and neomycin blood agar, etc. PCR based detection of Cl. perfringens targeting alpha gene or epsilon toxin has been used.


Related Discussions:- Food-borne clostridium

Duck plague (duck virus enteritis), Duck plague (duck virus enteritis) ...

Duck plague (duck virus enteritis) Duck plague is the most serious disease caused by a herpes virus (Anatid herpes virus). Though antigenically homogenous, differences in virul

Explain oedema - clinical signs of kwashiorkor, Explain Oedema - Clinical S...

Explain Oedema - Clinical Signs of Kwashiorkor? Oedema: Oedema refers to accumulation of fluid in the tissues and usually begins with a slight swelling in feet gradually spread

Control of soil pollution, Following steps must be taken: Domestic an...

Following steps must be taken: Domestic and industrial garbage should be profitably utilized. Compost pits and installation of Gobar-gas plant in rural areas must be encourag

Which processes help bring oxygen to the body cells, Which of the following...

Which of the following processes help bring oxygen to the body cells that are in a leg? A. Net flux of oxygen from red blood cells into blood plasma in the body capillaries in

Representatives of the echinoderm phylum, Q. What are some representatives ...

Q. What are some representatives of the echinoderm phylum? Starfishes, sea urchins, sea cucumbers (holothurians) and brittle stars are examples of echinoderms.

Pre pregnancy counselling, Pre Pregnancy Counselling To prevent excess...

Pre Pregnancy Counselling To prevent excess spontaneous abortions and congenital malformations in infants of diabetic mothers, diabetic care, education and counselling must be

State the goals of neuropsychological assessment, State the Goals of neurop...

State the Goals of neuropsychological assessment The psychological domains/processes/ components are mediated by specific brain structures and connected brain structures formin

What is catalyzes a substrate level phosphorylation, The enzyme in the TCA ...

The enzyme in the TCA cycle that catalyzes a substrate level phosphorylation is -citrate dehydrogenase -succinate thiokinase -isocitrate dehydrogenase

Vitro fertilization - human development, Vitro Fertilization - Human Develo...

Vitro Fertilization - Human Development In case a woman cannot conceive due to her uterine tubes are blocked she can become pregnant by means of in vitro fertilization. In thi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd