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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
Find the maximum shear stress at free end: A stepped shaft ABCD, with A is fixed end and D is free end. AB = 1 m, BC = 2 m, CD = 1 m. AB is a hollow shaft of 100 mm outer diam
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Why is it required of cooling the aeroplane ? Illustrate Boot-Strap Air Evaporative cooling system with neat sketch and T-S diagram.
I need material on types universal testing machines
Q. What do you mean by extrusion? • Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed or drawn through a die of the desir
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Explain concept of Counter Bore and countersink in radial drilling machine Counter Bore :- This operation uses a pilot to guide the cutting action to accommodate the heads
fem code for structural analysis
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