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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
(a) Illustrate Fourier Series and calculate the constant coefficients. (b) A Harmonic motion is provided by x(t) = 10sin(30t -π/3) where t in seconds and phase angle in radians.
During a test on a Lister engine in a thermal laboratory, following parameters were measured; crank shaft speed=1,750rpm Load on dynamometer=220N Radius of dynamometer=1.5m Fuel co
Illustrate the terms : (i) State (ii) Process and (iii) Cycle What is a quari static process ? Illustrate with an example. What are point function and path function.
Compare Petrol engine with Diesel engine with each other ( i ) Basic cycle: Petrol Engine work on Otto cycle whereas Diesel Engine work on diesel cycles. ( i i )
How are footings described and introduced properly? The selection of different types of footings and the need for reinforcing the same are discussed in this unit. Methods of de
#wHAT WILL BE THE PULLEY CRITERIA TO DECIDE THE RPM
Initial difference in radii at the junction of a compound cylinder
Illustrates the concept of bearing capacity of soil? The concept of bearing capacity of soil is the very essence of design and analysis of shallow foundations. In order to inve
(a) Illustrate reversible, irreversible and Quasi-static process with examples. (b) What do you mean by terms change of state, path, process, property, cycle. (c) Distinguish
what is hartnell governor
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