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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
type of furances and disadvantage advantage
A counter flow heat exchanger is used to cool 2000kg/hr of oil(Cp= 2.5 KJ/Kg K) from 105 o C to 30 o C by the use of water entering at 15 o C. If the overall heat transfer coeff
Necessity of Lubrication To lubricate the various parts of engine. The supplementary function of lubrication is to cool and clean the engine parts. To prevent en
Requiremen t of Temperature Scale: The temperature scale on which temperature of the system can be read is required to assign the numerical values to the thermal state of the
Discover modulus of elasticity of the composite: A composite of glass fibres and epoxy contain all fibres laid along the length and is needed to carry a stress of 1200 MPa. Th
Explain Side Cutting Edge Angle It is angle between the side cutting edge and the longitudinal axis of the tool. It avoids formation of build up edge, controls the direction of
Find out the centroid of the shaded area: Find out the centroid of the shaded area illustrated in Figure (a). Solution The shaded area A may be considered as the
I NEED A GENERALIZED CODE FOR VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM?
table representing the differences between up milling and down milling
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