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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
Clutch spring height: Check clutch spring height with a Vernier caliper. Spring height should be of minimum height of 25.55 mm.
Driving mechanism I). Knurl or Friction Drive : This has either the upper or lower electrode (or both) driven by a friction wheel on the periphery of the electrode. A co
1.0 INTRODUCTION Welding is a material joining process used in making welds and a weld is a localised coalescence of metals or non metals produced either by heating the mate
Find the Location of the Centroid a) Write the integrals for the determination of the location of the centroid of the area shown in Figure-(a). Only set up the integral.
In Grey Cast Iron, carbon is present in ------------form while in white cast iron, it is found in ----------- form.
Derive the characteristic equations of motion for the underdamped, critical damped and overdamped free damped vibration system. Write short notes on i. Fourier series and har
(a) Draw P-H and T-S diagrams for following cases : (3) (i) Cycle with superheated vapour before compression. (ii) Cycle with sub-cooling or under-cooling of refrigerant.
Open belt drive: An open belt drive connects the two pulleys 120cm and 50cm diameter on parallel shafts which are apart 4m. The maximum tension in belt is 1855.3N. Coefficien
what are the necessery calculation required to design a gripper?
Q. Define Gas Welding? Metal joining process in which the ends of pieces to be joined are heated at their interface by producing coalescence with one or more gas flames (such a
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