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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
Use roller support - steel trusses of bridges: Explain, why do we use roller support in case of steel trusses of bridges? Sol. : In the bridges most of time external f
GENERAL TOOLS: General tools include spanners, screw drivers, files, pliers, vices, punches, mallets, chisels, grinders, drilling machine, oil and grease guns, etc.
a) Describe and illustrate the terms with their classification: Mechanism, Kinematic, Machine links and Kinematic pair. b) Discuss the Inversions of double slider crank chain an
Define marginal revenue?
A V-block clamp consists of 3 components, a V-block, yoke and clamping screw. Using a rule, measure the sketches below and produce a 3rd angle projection drawing for each componen
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Q. Requirements for vessels with thickness? The following additional requirements are applicable, as specified, to Carbon Steel and Low Alloy steel pressure vessels with main
Disadvantages of two stroke engine: The following are some of the disadvantages of two stroke engine when compared with four stroke engine: 1. As firing takes place in ever
What is tool economics?
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