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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
A number of heavy items are to be off-loaded from a Heavy-Lift Ship and placed on a series of "support assemblies" on the quayside to await transportation by road to their destinat
The Rusk's own fairly large house near San Francisco and the following spreadsheet shows their month to month power use for two years. 1. What is their monthly average power us
Classificatio n of I.C. Engines: IC engines are classified as follows: 1 . Nature of thermodynamic cycles as: Otto cycle engine, Diesel cycle engine and Dual combus
Determine the radius of curvature - motion of a particle: The motion of a particle in XOY plane is defined by the equation r (t ) = 3t i^ + (4t - 3t 2 ) j^ The distanc
a body of mass 5kg moves with an acceleration of 20m/s calculate the force
what is continuum in simple words
what is meant by thermal sress in tapered sections
Determine the maximum shear stress: A beam of triangular cross section of base width 120 mm & height 80 mm is subjected to a shear stress force of 3 kN. Determine the maximum
Frames: You have been introduced to the analysis of frames. By going through this unit, you may identify frames and differentiate them from trusses. The method for analyzing f
(a) Calculate the unit step time response for a system with pulse transfer function (b) Calculate the pulse transfer function of a unity feedback discrete time system with
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