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Once the total volume of an individual vessel has been established the detailed dimensions or mechanical design can be performed. Much of this is based on "Rules of Thumb" built from years of experience. A summary is provided below for a standard Stirred Tank Reactor (STR).
Perhaps the most important factor in the mechanical design of a bioreactor is the height to diameter or aspect ratio as this determines many of the other important bioreactor characteristics. There are relative advantages of increasing either the height or diameter.
(a) Increasing height
i. increases the hydrostatic pressure
Advantage - increases solubility of oxygen
Disadvantage - increases solubility of other gases which may be toxic, e.g. CO2 ii. allows more agitators
Advantage - better power development
Disadvantage - can lead to poor mixing due to compartmentalisation (b) Increasing diameter
i. lowers the superficial (linear) gas velocity
Disadvantage - poor mixing, oxygen transfer ii. reduces wall surface area (per unit volume) available for heat transfer
Disadvantage - leads to temperature control problems
The joint bevels shall be prepared in accordance with the registered and approved weld procedure. Internal and external surfaces to be welded shall be clean and free from paint, o
(a) What could be the characteristics of tool materials. (b) Describe several tool materials with their composition.
Review questions condition of equilibrium grade 11 unit 7
what desaster made chemistry
Upset butt welding machines These are usually small capacity horizontal type machines. The power source required for these is a step down transformer as in the case of spot, se
Heat Treating Equipment: The major equipment for heat treatment is furnace. There are two main categories of furnaces - batch and continuous. The furnace selection needs cons
a) Describe Industrial Engineering. Discuss its scope and use in service and manufacturing industries. b) Deriving the stop watch study in a machine shop, ten observation of a d
Find the Location of the Centroid a) Write the integrals for the determination of the location of the centroid of the area shown in Figure-(a). Only set up the integral.
give me an example of law of superposition
Write down the uses of following tools and make neat sketches of the same : (a) Vernier Caliper (b) Steel Rule
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