Female Reproductive Tract

The female reproductive tract involves the fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina. Look at diagram. You would notice that the ovaries lay one on each side of the pelvic cavity. The fallopian tubes expand from the uterus and are not attached to the ovaries but have fingerlike projections called fimbria that sweep over the ovaries. Throughout the lime of ovulation, while the oocyte is released from the ovary it is generally swept into the fallopian tubes by the action of the fimbria and beating of the cilia that line the tubes.

Figure - Female reproductive tract 40% with the ovarles

The wall of the uterus is comparatively thick and consists of three layers-the endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium. The endometrium makes the inner mucosal layer lining the uteri.ne cavity. This lining is covered along with columnar epithelium and contains numerous glands. The myometrium is thick and muscular. The perimetrium contains the outermost thin layer covering the body of the uterus. Out of the three layers of the uterus only the endometrium participates in the formation of the placenta. In a non-pregnant female the endometrium varies in its thickness as per to the monthly reproductive cycle or the menstrual cycle. The term menstrual cycle as you know refers particularly to changes in the uterus. During the monthly reproductive cycle in non-pregnant females just only the functional layer of the endometrium undergoes cyclic changes and varies in thickness.