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Explicitly specifying the join condition - SQL
SELECT *
FROM IS_CALLED JOIN IS_ENROLLED_ON
ON ( IS_CALLED.StudentId = IS_ENROLLED_ON.StudentId )
Now, the key word JOIN in all of the foregoing examples can be harmlessly preceded by the word INNER. SQL also supports what are called "outer joins". The outer join of t1 and t2 contains all the rows of the inner join and possibly some more if either operand has rows which fail to participate in the inner join. Such a row might participate in the outer join, accompanied by NULL for each column of the other operand. The key words LEFT, RIGHT, and FULL, each optionally followed by OUTER, are used to specify whether unmatched rows of the first (left) operand, the second (right) operand, or both operands, respectively, are to appear in the result. Example shows an SQL outer join. A single row for student S5 appears in the result, with NULL in place of a value for CourseId.
SQL Cursor The Oracle implicitly opens a cursor to process each SQL statement not related with an explicit cursor. The PL/SQL refers to the most current implicit cursor as t
ORIGIN OF EARTH - BIG-BAN G HYPOTHESIS - Origin of life is linked to origin of earth. Cosmos, the Universe originated 10-20 billion years ago by Big Bang (thermonu
Parameter Aliasing To optimize the subprogram call, the PL/SQL compiler can decide between the two techniques of the parameter passing. With the by-value techniques, the v
Semijoin and Composition - SQL For semijoin, the dyadic relational operator MATCHING, defined thus: r1 MATCHING r2, where r1 and r2 are relations such that r1 JOIN r2 is de
Transactions in SQL BEGIN TRANSACTION, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK, SQL has the same syntax except for START in place of BEGIN. However, START TRANSACTION is used only for outermost
Write SQL queries to solve the following specifications. Include the query AND THE OUTPUT. A screen dump of the output is acceptable. Show as many rows as you can. A screen dump i
Parameter Modes: You do not require to specify a parameter mode for the input bind arguments (those used, for illustration, in the WHERE clause) as the mode defaults to IN. Th
Iterative Control: LOOP Statements The LOOP statement executes a series of statements multiple times. There are 3 forms of LOOP statements: LOOP, WHILE-LOOP, & FOR-LOOP. LOOP
Defining Autonomous Transactions To define an autonomous transaction, you use the pragma (compiler directive) AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION. The pragma instructs the PL/SQL compiler
Closing a Cursor Variable The CLOSE statement disables the cursor variable. After that, the related result set is undefined. The syntax for the same is as shown below: CLOS
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