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Anatomy of a Table:
Figure shows the terminology used in SQL to refer to parts of the structure of a table.
As you can see, SQL has no official terms for its counterparts of the heading and body of a relation, but for convenience I do use those terms occasionally in the present book as applying to tables. SQL's counterpart of relational attribute is column. The figure shows the term field being used for SQL's counterpart of attribute value but please note that the international standard uses this term not only for a component of a row, as shown, but also for the corresponding component of the relevant row type.
Example of Using Aggregation on Nested Tables Example: How many students sat each exam WITH C_ER AS (SELECT CourseId, CAST (TABLE (SELECT DISTINCT StudentId, Mark FROM EXAM
%FOUND Until the SQL data manipulation statement is executed, the %FOUND yields NULL. Afterward, the %FOUND yields TRUE, when an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement affected o
Explicitly specifying the join condition - SQL SELECT * FROM IS_CALLED JOIN IS_ENROLLED_ON ON ( IS_CALLED.StudentId = IS_ENROLLED_ON.StudentId ) Now, the key word JO
Recursive Subprograms The recursive subprogram is the one that calls itself. Think of a recursive call as a call to a few other subprograms that does the similar task as your
Using TRIM This process has two forms. The TRIM removes an element from the end of the collection. The TRIM(n) removes the n elements from the end of the collection. For e.g.
Positional Notation The first procedure call uses the positional notation. The PL/SQL compiler relates the first actual parameter, account, with the first proper parameter, ac
Using the Collection Methods The collection methods below help to generalize the code and make collections easier to use and also make your applications easier to maintain:
Entering and Exiting If you enter the executable part of an autonomous routine, the major transaction suspends. When you exit the routine, the major transaction resumes. To ex
Scoping Within the similar scope, all the declared identifiers should be unique. So, even if their datatypes differ, the variables and parameters cannot share the similar name.
At times, customers make mistakes in submitting their orders and call to cancel the order. Brewbean's wants to create a trigger that automatically updates the stock level of all pr
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