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Anatomy of a Table:
Figure shows the terminology used in SQL to refer to parts of the structure of a table.
As you can see, SQL has no official terms for its counterparts of the heading and body of a relation, but for convenience I do use those terms occasionally in the present book as applying to tables. SQL's counterpart of relational attribute is column. The figure shows the term field being used for SQL's counterpart of attribute value but please note that the international standard uses this term not only for a component of a row, as shown, but also for the corresponding component of the relevant row type.
Mixed Notation The fourth procedure call shows that you can mix the positional and named notation. In this situation, the first parameter uses the positional notation, & the s
Existential Quantification - SQL Existential quantification-stating that something is true of at least one object under consideration-can be expressed by OR(r,c), meaning tha
Defining REF CURSOR Types To make cursor variables, you take 2 steps. At first, you define a REF CURSOR type, and then declare the cursor variables of that type. You can defin
NULL Statement The NULL statement clearly specifies in action; it does nothing other than to pass control to the next statement. It can, though, improve the readability. In a
Ensuring Backward Compatibility The PL/SQL Version 2 permits some abnormal behavior which Version 8 disallows. Particularly, Version 2 permits you to (i) Make the forw
Keyword and Parameter Description: boolean_expression: This is an expression which results the Boolean value TRUE, FALSE, & NULL. It is related with a series of statement
DBMS_PIPE: The Package DBMS_PIPE allows various sessions to communicate over the named pipes. (A pipe is a region of memory used by one of the process to pass information to
Declaring Exceptions The Exceptions can be declared only in the declarative part of the PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. By introducing its name, you can declare an excep
UPDATE Command- SQL Loosely speaking, UPDATE changes some of the column values of some existing rows of its target table. Thus, although some rows disappear from the target an
Wrapping and unwrapping in SQL Operators WRAP and UNWRAP in connection with attributes whose declared types are tuple types. Example shows how extension and projection can be
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