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Anatomy of a Table:
Figure shows the terminology used in SQL to refer to parts of the structure of a table.
As you can see, SQL has no official terms for its counterparts of the heading and body of a relation, but for convenience I do use those terms occasionally in the present book as applying to tables. SQL's counterpart of relational attribute is column. The figure shows the term field being used for SQL's counterpart of attribute value but please note that the international standard uses this term not only for a component of a row, as shown, but also for the corresponding component of the relevant row type.
Fetching with a Cursor The FETCH statements retrieve the rows in the result set one at a time. After each and every fetch, the cursor advance to the next row in the result set
Procedural Constraint Enforcement (Triggers) SQL has an alternative method of addressing database integrity, involving event-driven procedural code. The special procedures th
Using Subqueries A subquery is a query (typically enclosed by parentheses) that appears within another SQL data manipulation statement. If evaluated, the subquery gives a va
Updating by replacement Syntax: UPDATE ENROLMENT SET Name = 'Ann' WHERE StudentId = SID ('S1'); Note the use of SET, as already noted in connection with direct a
Third Step at defining type SID in SQL CREATE DOMAIN SID AS VARCHAR(5) CHECK ( VALUE IS NOT NULL AND SUBSTRING(VALUE FROM 1 FOR 1) = 'S' AND CAST('+'||SUBSTRING(VALUE
Controlling Autonomous Transactions The first SQL statement in an autonomous routine starts a transaction. Whenever one transaction ends, the next SQL statement starts the oth
Map and Order Methods: The values of the scalar datatype like CHAR or REAL have a predefined order that allows them to be compared. While, the instances of an object type has
Data Types in SQL - Integer INTEGER or synonymously INT, for integers within a certain range. SQL additionally has types SMALLINT and BIGINT for certain ranges of integers. T
Manipulating Objects: You can use an object type in the CREATE TABLE statement to indicate the datatype of a column. When the table is created once, you can use the SQL statem
Restriction and AND - SQL Restriction is available via the WHERE operator, and so it is in SQL. However, by Example showing how a certain simple restriction can be expressed u
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