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Anatomy of a Table:
Figure shows the terminology used in SQL to refer to parts of the structure of a table.
As you can see, SQL has no official terms for its counterparts of the heading and body of a relation, but for convenience I do use those terms occasionally in the present book as applying to tables. SQL's counterpart of relational attribute is column. The figure shows the term field being used for SQL's counterpart of attribute value but please note that the international standard uses this term not only for a component of a row, as shown, but also for the corresponding component of the relevant row type.
How Bulk Binds Improve Performance The assigning of values to the PL/SQL variables in SQL statements is known as binding. The binding of the whole collection at once is know
Effects of NULL The numeric variable X, perhaps of type INTEGER, might be assigned NULL. In that case the result of evaluating X + 1 is NULL, and so SET Y = X + 1 assigns NULL
The Package Body The package specification is implemented by the package body. That is, the package body has the definition of every cursor and the subprogram declared in the p
OUT Mode An OUT parameter returns values to the caller of a subprogram. Within the subprogram, an OUT parameter act like a variable. That means that you can use an OUT formal
Closing a Cursor Variable The CLOSE statement disables the cursor variable. After that, the related result set is undefined. The syntax for the same is as shown below: CLOS
Wrapping and unwrapping in SQL Operators WRAP and UNWRAP in connection with attributes whose declared types are tuple types. Example shows how extension and projection can be
DECLARE : This keyword signals the beginning of the declarative section of the PL/SQL block, that contains local declarations. The Items declared locally exist only within the
DELETE Statement The DELETE statement eliminates whole rows of data from the specified table or view. Syntax:
Initializing Records The illustration below shows that you can initialize a record in its type definition. Whenever you declare a record of the type TimeRec, its 3 fields supp
Substitution and Instantiation - SQL It shows how NULL might appear in substitution for a parameter of a predicate and how it might thus participate in instantiation of that p
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