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In a memory hierarchy system, data and programs are first stored in secondary or auxiliary memory. Program and its related data are brought in main memory for execution. What if the size of Memory needed for Program is more than the size of memory? Virtual memory is a idea used in some large computer systems which allow user to construct programs as though a large memory space were available, equal to total of secondary memory. Every address produced by CPU goes through an address mapping from so-called virtual address to a physical address in main memory. Virtual memory is employed to give programmers the illusion that they have a very large memory at their disposal although computer in fact has a relatively small main memory. A Virtual memory system offers a mechanism for translating program-generated addresses in correct main memory locations. This is done dynamically whereas programs are being executed in CPU. The translation or mapping is handled automatically by hardware through a mapping table.
Static and Dynamic Interconnection Network In a static network the connection among input and output nodes is permanent and cannot be changed. Static interconnection network ca
Q. What is the Concept of Lock? Locks are used for protected access of data in a shared variable system. There are numerous kinds of locks: 1) Binary Locks: These locks a
Q. Explain about Micro-instruction Formats? Now let's focus on format of a micro-instruction. The two widely used formats employed for micro-instructions are vertical and horiz
What are the drawbacks of Electronic Data Interchange processes? Disadvantages of EDI processes are given below: 1. The X12 standard is so huge and general 2. Electron
Q. Define the Arithmetic Micro-operations? These micro-operations execute simple arithmetic operations on numeric data stored in registers. The fundamental arithmetic micro-ope
Q. What is Input - Output Instructions? An I/O instruction is stored in memory of computer and is fetched as well as executed by processor producing an I/O-related command for
What is program controlled I/O? In program controlled I/O the processor repeatedly checks a status flag to achieve the needed synchronization among the processor and an input a
Explain Advantages and Disadvantages of Static Document. The chief advantages of a static document are reliability, performance and simplicity. A browser can display a static d
What is polling? Polling is a scheme or an algorithm to recognize the devices interrupting the processor. Polling is employed when multiple devices interrupt the processor by o
Explain why most interrupts are active low? This answers why most signals are active low when you see the transistor level of a module, active low implies that the capacitor in
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