Explain the uses of Pier and Well Foundations

Well foundations are used to transmit large loads from piers of bridges and other marine structures. These are constructions carried out at site and are essentially bearing in nature. They are generally constructed by making circular concrete or masonry rings with steel cutting edge and then sunk into the ground by loading at the top. The sinking is facilitated by removing soil from inside. The side (steining) is then built up gradually till the bottom of the well reaches the required depth. The bottom is then plugged. The load is carried to the soil through the bottom of the well.