Explain the concept of a data model ?

Data Model - Model is an abstraction procedure which hides irrelevant details although highlighting details relevant to the applications at hand. As same, a data model is a collection of concepts which can be used to elaborate structure of a database and gives the essential means to achieve this abstraction. Structure of database means the data types, relationships, and constraints which should hold for the data. In common a data model consists of two elements:

• A mathematical notation for expressing relationships and data.
• Operations on the data which serve to express queries and other manipulations of the data.