What is an example of a situation in which the neuron cell body is located in a part of the body and its axonal terminal portion is in another distant part of the body? Why does this happen?

Most of the neurons are situated within the brain and the spinal cord (central nervous system) in places called as neural nuclei. Neural ganglia, or simply ganglia, are structures of the peripheral nervous system located beside the spinal column or near some organs where neuron cell bodies are also located.

Neurons situated at specific points can show distant axonal terminations and they also can receive impulses from axons of distant neurons. The inferior motor neurons situated in the spinal cord are examples as their axons can transmit information to the extremities of the inferior limbs triggering contractions of the foot.