Explain pipelining.       

Ans: In order to describe pipelining in simple terms, think of it as breaking down processor functions into smaller and smaller parts. For instance, the act of drinking milk can be broken down to opening the refrigerator, acquiring the milk carton, getting a glass from the cupboard, opening and pouring the milk, lifting the glass to your mouth, and pouring the milk inside. Every one of these subprocesses is much shorter than the entire process of drinking milk.A processor functions similarly. Instructions progress by, and as they do, they accomplish smaller parts of the overall execution. The much more pipeline stages you have, the smaller each of these sub-processes are. Designers can design these type of sub-processes to be very fast, and proficient. The frequency of a processor advances each of these sub-processes to the next stage, thus smaller sub-processes mean less time to complete them, and so higher frequencies.