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Define the concept of aggregation. Give two examples where this concept is useful.
Ans: Aggregation transforms a relationship among the objects into a higher-level object. A new data type known as aggregate is developed which, under specific criteria of "well-definedness," defines aggregation abstractions. Relational databases illustrated as collections of aggregates are structured like a hierarchy of n-ary relations. To keep well-definedness, update operations on such type of databases must keep two invariants. Well-defined relations are different from relations in third normal form. It is displayed that these notions are complementary and both are significant in database design. A top-down method for database design is described that separates decisions concerning aggregate structure from decisions concerning key identification. It is suggested that aggregate types, and other sorts which support real-world abstractions with no introducing Key identification.
Lack of standards and experience: The lack of standards has considerably limited the potential of distributed DBMSs. As well, there are no tools or methodologies to help users cha
Example RELATION SCHEMA for STUDENT: STUDENT (Roll No: string, name: string, login: string, age: integer) RELATION INSTANCE
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what is the need of a log in dbms
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The result of the UNION operation between R1 and R2 is a relation that includes? The result of the operation between R1 and R2 includes all the tuples of R1 and R2 which have c
wrie a report on whether a BSc n information systems develops the skills required by employers in Database administration
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