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The galvanic cells in which electrodes are made of same metal but they are immersed in the electrolytes of different concentrations in two half cells are called concentration cells. The difference in the concentrations of electrolytes in the two half cells, creates potential difference across the two electrodes. The electrode which is placed in electrolyte of larger concentration acts as cathode or + terminal. Whereas electrode which is placed in electrolyte of lower concentration acts as anode or -ve terminal.The cell can be represented as Cu/CuSO4 (0.01 M) ? CuSO4 (1 M)/Cu or simply as Cu/Cu2+ (0.01 M) ? Cu2+ (1 M)/Cu.Similarly, hydrogen ion concentration cell can be constituted by connecting hydrogen electrodes placed in hydrochloric acid solutions of different concentration. It can be represented as Pt, H2 (1 bar)/H+ (0.01 M) ? H+ (1 M)/H2 (1 bar), Pt.Ecell of concentration cellConsider the consideration cell of the type M/Mn+ (C1) ? Mn+(C2)/M. since standard electrode potentials of the two electrodes cancel each other, the emf of the cell can be written on the basis of Nerst equation as Ecell = (0.059/n) log C2/C1Evidently, for Ecell to be positive C2 > C1.
Q. What happens to the energy values of d- orbitals? Let us see what happens to the energy values of d- orbitals under these stages. We start with the energy level diagram of a
P-nitrobenzenediazonium ion The p-nitrobenzenediazonium ion, which is formed in the diazotization reaction, acts as the electrophile in an electrophilic aromatic substitution a
assignment
Avogadro''s hypothesis?
The diffraction of x-ray by a crystal gives 1st order ref at 14•12'' if lattice dist is 3.14 A• wht is the wavelength of x-ray
What is meant by a link solution ?
standard estimation protocol
The outer electronic structure 3s 2 3p 5 is possessed by: (1) Cl (2) O (3) Ar (4) Br ans: Cl
applications and classifications
Measure the thermodynamic properties (reaction enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy) for this reaction under standard conditions. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? Is i
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