Explain chlorine residuals, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Explain Chlorine Residuals

Free Chlorine Residuals: Cl2, HOCl, OCl-  

Combined Chlorine Residuals: Chloramines (mono, di and tri chloramines)

The disinfecting ability of chloramines is much lower than that of free chlorine.

Satisfactory results can be obtained if a free chlorine residual of 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L can be maintained in the distribution system. Also if approved by health authorities  combined chlorine residuals in the range of 1 to 2 mg/L should maintained at distant points in the distribution system.    

 Trihalomethanes (the following) which are formed as a result of chlorination are harmful and this must be avoided.

CHCl3 trichloromethane (chloroform)

CHBrCl2  bromodichloromethane

CHBr2Cl dibromochloromethane

CHBr3   tribromomethane (bromoform)


Related Discussions:- Explain chlorine residuals

Explain the hydraulic radius, Explain the Hydraulic Radius (R) A fluid'...

Explain the Hydraulic Radius (R) A fluid's cross-sectional area in flow divided by the wetted perimeter. For a circular channel flowing full and ½ full, R = D/4.

Hiley formula in designing of h-piles, Question Is it resourceful that ...

Question Is it resourceful that engineers rely solely on Hiley's formula in designing of H-piles? Answer About 90 percent of H-piles accept Hiley's formula for desig

Explain working of ultrasonic system for concrete elements, Explain the wor...

Explain the working of Ultrasonic System for Concrete Elements? Ultrasonic methods can be used underwater for overall assessment of the strength of concrete based on sound velo

How to determine the frequency of flood, Q. How to determine the frequency ...

Q. How to determine the frequency of flood? Flood frequency may be estimated preferably from flood records, if available, for a number of years or they may be based on rainfall

Surveying, how to solve the problems of cross sectional surveying and profi...

how to solve the problems of cross sectional surveying and profil questions

Reinforcement of concrete in contact with internal vibrators, Reinforcement...

Reinforcement of concrete in contact with internal vibrators  At the time of concreting, if internal vibrators are placed accidentally in contact with some of the reinforcemen

Civil Engineering, I. A horizontal 500 lb force acts at a point D of cranks...

I. A horizontal 500 lb force acts at a point D of crankshaft AB which is held in static equilibrium by a twisting couple and by reactions at A and B. Knowing that the bearings are

Show the result of vulcanization, Q. Show the result of vulcanization? ...

Q. Show the result of vulcanization? As a result of vulcanization, rubber molecules are cross-linked with sulphur. This cross-linking makes the rubber stronger. It allows the r

Surveying, with a neat well labelled sketch, explain reciprocal ranging.

with a neat well labelled sketch, explain reciprocal ranging.

Explain about void ratio drops, A clay layer 25 metres thick has a saturate...

A clay layer 25 metres thick has a saturated unit weight of 19.2 kN/m 2 . Ground water level occurs at a depth of 5 metres. It is proposed to construct a reinforced concrete founda

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd