Draw the hysteresis loop for a soft magnetic material and compare it with the hysteresis loop of hard magnetic material. Give two examples of each.

Soft and hard magnetic materials: All ferromagnetic materials are divided in two wide groups' soft and hard magnetic both materials.

Materials, that have, a steeply increasing magnetization curve, relatively small and narrow hysteresis loop and therefore small energy losses throughout cyclic magnetization are termed as soft magnetic materials. Therefore soft magnetic materials are utilized in building cores for use in alternating magnetic fields. Illustrations are nickel-iron alloy and soft ferrites. Figure below demonstrates a typical narrow hysteresis loop for soft magnetic materials.

Magnetic materials, that have a slowly rising magnetisation curve, large hysteresis loop area and huge energy losses for each cycle of magnetisation, are termed as hard magnetic materials. These materials are used for making permanent magnets. Illustrations are carbon steel, tungsten steel alnico. Figure below illustrates a broad hysteresis loop for hard magnetic materials.

Hysteresis curves for soft and hard magnetic