Explain about the Musculoskeletal System?

Osteopenia (decrease in bone mineral content) is observed with aging. There is an average of 30% decline in the bone mineral density from 30-40 yrs of age to 90 years. Other factors affecting low bone mass are smoking, alcohol consumption, reduced physical activity, lower calcium intake and absorption and use of steroids. In women, immediately following menopause, the rate of bone loss is higher due to decrease in estrogen production.  Musculoskeletal atrophy and decrease in functional loss of muscle strength is also observed due to decrease in anabolic hormones affecting the physical function and the metabolic rate.