Explain about stereoisomerism, Chemistry

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Q. Explain about Stereoisomerism?

Stereoisomers have the same bonds but the arrangement of atoms in space is different.  Stereoisomerism can be divided into two kinds: geometrical and optical.

Geometrical isomerism occurs when ligands can assume different positions around rigid bond\ with the metal ion. For example the compound Pt(NH3)2Cl2 has a square  plana  structure   the two possible arrangements are shown in Fig.

In the cis-isomer the two ammonia molecules are next (cis) or adjacent to each other whereas in the trans-isomer the two ammonia molecules are across (Trans) to each other.

586_Explain about Stereoisomerism.png

This type of isomerism is not possible for complexes with coordination number 2 (linear molecule). 3 (trigonal planar)  and 4 (tetrahedral geometry).


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