Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Egg drop syndrome-76 (EDS-76)
An outbreak of sudden drop in egg production or a failure to achieve a normal peak in production despite optimum managemental and nutrition status is attributed to a viral disease called as EDS-76. The cause was identified as adenovirus, first isolated in Northern Ireland in 1976. Mortality is usually negligible. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the main route of transmission is through the eggs (vertical transmission) followed by latent infection during growing stage with viral excretion starting shortly before sexual maturity. Contamination of egg trays at packing stations and biting insects may play a part in transmission. The virus is commonly present in ducks and geese but does not cause the disease. Lateral transmission from bird to bird is slow.
Symptoms and lesions: The disease occurs during sexual maturity. Birds do not show clinical signs of the disease except drop in egg production at peak or failure to peak. Drops may be up to 50% and for 3-4 weeks duration. Rough, thin or soft-shelled eggs and shell-less eggs, loss of shell pigment, poor internal quality are the other indications.
Diagnosis: Diagnosis is made from the characteristic clinical feature of rapid drop in egg production during the peak production in broiler parents, the characteristic shape of the eggs laid and the virus isolation from the cloacal swabs. EDS-76 virus can agglutinate red cells of chicken, duck, turkeys, geese and pigeons but not mammalian cells. The virus can be propagated in 9 day embryonated duck eggs by the allantoic route in which it produces very high titre. The antibody in affected flock can be detected either by hemagglutination inhibition, virus neutralization or ELISA tests.
Prevention and control: Vertical transmission can be avoided by selection of birds from uninfected flocks and good hygiene and management. Proper disposal of infected eggs should be made as they are the most important source of the virus. Vaccination with an oil adjuvant inactivated vaccine is reported to give good protection when given at 14 to 16 weeks of age.
The pumps The blood from the operating field is sucked with the help of the cardiotomy sucker and pump, which is filtered to remove all particulate matter and then pass
In eukaryotes the SER has enzymes able to begin double bonds into fatty acyl CoA molecules in an oxidation reaction which uses molecular oxygen. This reaction is catalyzed
1. Compute the mean energy per nuclear disintegration, A, for 99m TC if 2.0 x 10 9 Bq of this isotope is injected into a patient. Assume that one-half of the administered dose is
A genomic DNA library is made from the genomic DNA of an organism. For instance, a mouse genomic library could be made by digesting mouse nuclear DNA with a restriction nuclease to
Locomotory apparatus in protozoa
Q. What is the formula of the DPD for withered (shrunken) plant cells and how is that situation possible? Withered plant cells are those that have shrunk due to loss of water b
Q. What are changes in ST-Segment? Normal Exercise Electrocardiogram ST and J Point As the heart rate increases with exercise, a number of predictable changes occur in a
a) What is biological magnification? b) Describe how DDT as a water pollutant undergoes biological magnification?
Principle for Presence of Vanaspati and Rancidity in Ghee Cheap edible and nonedible oils like argemone oil, white oil, tea seed oil etc. are used as adulterants in more expens
Define Nutrition Support in elderly - Parenteral, Enteral and Oral? Under nutrition either due to dietary deficit a due to a medical complication may arise in the elderly. The
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd