The Deoxyribonucleic acid or also called as DNA molecules are informational molecules encoding the genetic instructions used in the functioning and development of all known living organisms and various viruses. Beside with proteins and RNA, DNA is one of the three major macromolecules which are necessary for all known forms of life. Genetic information is encoded as a series of adenine,  nucleotides guanine, thymine, and cytosine recorded using the letters G, A, T and C. Many DNA molecules are double-stranded helices having of two long polymers of easy units called as nucleotides, with backbones made of alternating sugars (deoxyribose) and phosphate collections, with the nucleobases fond of to the sugars. The DNA is well-suited for biological information storage, due to the DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage and the double-stranded structure provides the molecule with a built-in duplicate of the encoded information.