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DIFFRACTION BY SOLIDS
Diffraction performs when a wave interacts with a lattice whose dimensions are of the same order of magnitude as that of the wavelength of the waves. The lattice scatters the radiation, and the scattered radiation from one point interferes with the radiation from others so as to either reduce it (destructive interference), or enhance the amplitude of the radiation (constructive interference). The pattern of destructive and constructive interference yields information about molecular and crystal structure.
Fig.1. Constructive (a) and destructive (b) interference of two
waves.
In the case of solids, this wavelength must be of the same order as the crystal lattice spacing (ca. 0.1nm), and there are three primary types of radiation which are used for structural studies of solids. The most commonly used radiation, X-rays, have wavelengths of the order of 0.15 nm, and in the course of diffraction studies are scattered by the electron density of the molecule.
Analysis show that nickel oxide has formulla ni .98 O 1.00 what fraction of the of nickel exist as ni+3 & Ni +2 Ans) ni+2=95.91 and ni+3=4.09
Acetic acid has less conductivity, due to it ionizes less in solution. HCl divides almost completely in solution to form the ions Cl- and H+..
What would happened if I put sodium hydroxide instead of sodium bicarbonate into diethyl ether?
The number of electrons that can be accommodated in dz 2 orbital: (1) 10 (2) 1 (3) 4 (4) 2 Ans: 2
Chemical Properties Proteins - Salt formation (i) Salt formation : Due to existence of both -NH 2 and -COOH groups in proteins, they make salts along with acids and bases.
introduction to esters ,preparation, proprties, and their uses in daily life
what is avarat sarni
a hittorf cell fitted with Ag-AgClis filled with HCl solution that contains 0.0003856g HCl/g water. A current of 2 mA is passed for exactly 3 hours. the solutions are withdrawn, we
Describe the following giving suitable examples: i. Cannizzaro reaction ii. Aldol condensation b. Give a chemical test to distinguish among ethanal and propanal.
Uses of Dihydric Alcohols
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