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Differentiate between various levels of data abstraction?
Data Abstraction - Abstraction is the procedure to hide the irrelevant things from the users and represent the relevant things to the user. Database systems are frequent used through non-computer professionals so in which the complexity must be hidden from database system users. This is done through defining levels of abstract as that the database may be viewed; there is logical view or external view, conceptual view and internal view or physical view.
1. External View - This is the highest level of abstraction as seen through a user. It describes only the part of whole database, that is relevant to a particular user.
2. Conceptual View - This is the next higher stages of abstraction that is the sum total of Database Management System user's views. It elaborates what data are in fact stored in the database. It contains information about whole database in terms of a small number of associatively easy structure.
3. Internal View - This is the lowest level of abstraction. It elaborates how the data are physically stored
Define in which normalisation form if an attribute of a composite key is dependent on an attribute of other composite key. Ans: 3NF A relation is in 3 NF if an attribute of
Database systems have many opposite efforts ?
Increases efficiency : Data is stored close to most often used site, therefore retrieval would be faster. Also, data that is not required by local applications is not stored, there
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Differentiate between various levels of data abstraction? Data Abstraction - Abstraction is the procedure to hide the irrelevant things from the users and represent the rele
Wait-die" scheme : The idea is based on non-preventive method. It is based on a simple rule: If Ti requests a database resource that is held by T
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