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Differentiate between various levels of data abstraction?
Data Abstraction - Abstraction is the procedure to hide the irrelevant things from the users and represent the relevant things to the user. Database systems are frequent used through non-computer professionals so in which the complexity must be hidden from database system users. This is done through defining levels of abstract as that the database may be viewed; there is logical view or external view, conceptual view and internal view or physical view.
1. External View - This is the highest level of abstraction as seen through a user. It describes only the part of whole database, that is relevant to a particular user.
2. Conceptual View - This is the next higher stages of abstraction that is the sum total of Database Management System user's views. It elaborates what data are in fact stored in the database. It contains information about whole database in terms of a small number of associatively easy structure.
3. Internal View - This is the lowest level of abstraction. It elaborates how the data are physically stored
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1. Determine that the Checkpoints are a part of Ans: Checkpoints are a part of Recovery measures
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Consider the relation PERSON. If you want to display details of persons having age less than or equal to 30 than the select operation will be used as follows: σ AGE The resu
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Give an example of multiple inheritance. One example of multiple inheritance is a committee for students affair which include faculty and administrative staff member.
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