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Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?
In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.
Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.
What is the function of the collagen fibers of the connective tissue? There are dissimilar collagen types. The major function of these proteins is to keep the shape and the str
Q. How Drying used for sterilization? Moisture is essential for bacteria, drying therefore has a deleterious effect on most bacteria. Spontaneous drying can often kill bacteria
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The term farm animal genetic resources (AnGR) is used to include all animal species, breeds and strains (and their wild relatives) that are of economic, scientific and cultural int
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How to measure Post Repair Prv/iv Pressure ? In the operating room, after coining of1 bypass and before removing cannulae the RV and LV pressures are measured. The pressures ar
characteristics of leucosolenia?
Explain the Primary Root Growth? Primary Growth in Roots : Roots grow down and through the soil by adding new cells at the tip of the root (called the root tip). There is a
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