Define input - output operations, Operating System

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Q. Define Input - Output operations?

Serial lines, Disks, tapes and other devices should be communicated with at a very low level. The user require only specify the device and the operation to perform on it while the system converts that request into device- or controller-specific commands. User-level programs can't be trusted to access merely devices they should have access to and to access them only when they are otherwise unused.

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