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Q. Define Input - Output operations?
Serial lines, Disks, tapes and other devices should be communicated with at a very low level. The user require only specify the device and the operation to perform on it while the system converts that request into device- or controller-specific commands. User-level programs can't be trusted to access merely devices they should have access to and to access them only when they are otherwise unused.
LRU evicts the page which was last accessed the farthest into the past of any page resident in physical memory, i.e. the least-recently used page. LRU approximates OPT when the rec
Define thrashing. Thrashing is the accident of high page traffic and low CPU utilization. It is observed that the cause of thrashing is an under-commitment of memory to program
The permission function is used to calculate what, if any access each class or level of user has to each file on a Unix machine. The permission task is one of the data components s
File allocation using I nodes. This method is used to decrease the size of the table in the above method. Every file will have an I-node list. Allow a file have 15 pointers a
A hard-disk drive reads “120 GB HDD 7200 rpm 3 GB/sec transfer rate”. If the drive has a sector size of 512 bytes, what is the average rotational latency and transfer time to read
Define UFD and MFD. In the two-level directory structure, every user has her own user file directory (UFD). Every UFD has a similar structure, but lists only the files of a one
Q. Under what conditions do page faults occur? Explain the actions taken by the operating system when a page fault occurs. Answer: A page fault take places when an access to
What are the advantages of Linked allocation? The benefits are a. No external fragmentation b. Size of the file does not require to be declared
what is process creation and how to create a process
General graph directory The serious problem with using an acyclic-graph structure is ensuring that there are no cycles. When we insert links to an existing tree-structured dire
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