Define enable the acquisition of powers of observation, Chemistry

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Define Enable the Acquisition of Powers of Observation

I.  PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT

The purpose of the experiment is to enable the acquisition of powers of observation and deduction, the learning of reactions of inorganic chemistry and the development of practical chemical skills.

II. INTRODUCTION

This experiment is introduced about how to use qualitative analysis process which is the observation of the chemical to identify the unknown sample that is given.

III. EXPERIMENTAL

3.1 Chemicals: Individual ions: Pb2+, Hg2 2+ , Ag+,  Dilute HCl, NH4OH, NH4Cl, NaOH, distilled water, KI, K2CrO

3.2 Equipment: beaker, glass rod, glass tube, filter paper, test tube

3.3 Procedure:

The 5 ml of solution was taken in the test tube and the following instructions were followed.

No.

Reagent

Pb2+

Hg22+

Ag+

1

Add 3M HCl

white ppt

Cloudy suspension

White ppt

(a)

+ NH4OH (aq)

Insoluble white ppt

Insoluble ppt

Soluble

(b)

+boil in hot water

Soluble

Insoluble white ppt

Insoluble white ppt

2

NaOH solution

White ppt

Soluble brown ppt

Insoluble white ppt

3

KI   solution

Yellow ppt

Orange ppt

Pale green ppt

4

K2CrO4 solution

Yellow ppt

Yellow solution

Red ppt

IV) RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The given unknown salt mixture solution is found to be Cation Group (I)

1. Lead  (II) ion is confirmed.

2. Mercury  (I) ion is confirmed.

3. Silver ion is confirmed

  DISCUSSION:

a.) What is the group reagent for Cation Analysis Group (I)?

 The group reagent for Cation Group (I) are HCl, NH4OH.

b.) How can you separate Lead ion from Mercury (I) ion

To separate Lead ion from Mercury (I) ion, add an equal amount of 3M HCl to the mixture,  insoluble white precipitate is formed. Boil the precipitate in hot water; Pb2+  ions are soluble while Hg22+ ions  are not. Filter solution to obtain Hg22+ in the residue and Pb2+ ions in the  filtrate.

c) What is Aqua Regia?                                                                                                                                   

It's a strong oxidant containing conc HCl and conc HNO3

V) CONCLUSION

The given unknown salt mixture solution is found to be Lead  (II) ion, Mercury  (I) ion  and Silver ion from Cation Analysis Group (I).


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