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A Relation Schema represented by R(A1, A2, ..., An) is made up of the relation name the list of attributes and R Ai that it contains. A relation is described as a set of tuples. Let r be the relation which have set tuples (t1, t2, t3, ..., tn). Each tuple is an ordered list of n-values t=(v1,v2, ..., vn).
The purpose of the relational model is to give a declarative function for specifying queries and data: users directly state what information the database have and what information they want from it, and let the database management system software take care of explain data structures for retrieval procedures and storing the data for answering queries.
Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts. T9 T10 Value of x old value = 200
Control as State within Program 1. The term control exactly means to check effect of input within a program. For illustration, in Figure, after the ATM card is inserted (a
What are the various forms of data transparency? a) fragmentation transparency b) replication transparency c) location transparency
Copy Data from One Database to another Database Project Description: I am having two MySQL databases with same tables. I just need to copy one Data from one to another dat
Hierarchical
what is Lossless-join decomposition
Retrieve the S&S In-Chapter Database (in Microsoft Access format) from the text's Web site (or create the tables in Table 4-5 in a relational DBMS product). Write queries to answer
Isolation or Independence : The isolation property shows that the updates of a transaction should not be visible till they are committed. Isolation assurance that the progresses of
Deletion Anomalies: Loss of important Information: In some cases, useful information may be lost when a tuple is deleted. For instance, if we delete the tuple corresponding to stu
Describe the host language? Host Language: You could write applications along with SQL statements embedded inside a host language. The SQL statements give the database inter
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