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Q. A sample of water analysis was found to contain temporary magnesium hardness 25 mg/L. Permanent magnesium chloride hardness 15 mg/L and permanent calcium sulphate hardness 20 mg/L, SiO2 = 30kg/L. Calculate the lime and soda required for softening 30,000 litters hard water.
Ans.
Conversion of CaCO3 equivalent
constituent
amount
Multiplication factor
CaCO3 equivalent
Mg(HCO3)2
25 mg/L
100/146
25*100/146=17.12 mg/L
MgCl2
15mg/L
100/95
15*100/95=15.72mg/L
CaSo4
20mg/L
100/136
20*100/136=14.7mg/L
SiO2 do not required Lime soda.
Lime required = 74/100(Temp. hardness + Perm. Hardness) = 74/100(17.12 + 15.12) = 24.30 mg/L
Lime required for 30000 Litre hard water = 24.30*30000 = 729 mg
Soda required = 106/100(perm. Ca hardness + perm. Mg hardness) = 106/100(15.72 + 14.70) = 32.24 mg/l
Soda required for 30000 litre hard water = 32.24 mg/λ*30000λ = 967.2 mg
Which of the following is isoelectronic with carbon atom: (1) Na + (2) Al +3 (3) O 2- (4)N + Ans: N +
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