Consequences of diarrhoea, Biology

Assignment Help:

All of us must have suffered from diarrhoea at least once in our lifetime. How do you feel thereafter? Well most of us must have experienced weakness, dizziness, dryness of mouth and anorexia. Our skin also becomes dry and loose. During diarrhoea the stools are loose and have high water content - an indicator that water is being lost in higher than normal amounts. The stools also contain a high amount of: electrolytes due to enhanced peristaltic movements i.e. increased movements of the stomach and inteslines. This results in the deficiency of water and electrolytes in the body which is referred to as dehydration. Dehydration results in reduction in the extracellular blood volume and hence a reduction in the total blood volume which is often referred to as hypovolemia. Low blood volume is associated with hypotension and a low cardiac output. In response to hypotension, the heart tries to compensate by increasing the number of cardiac cycles per minute which is indicated by a high pulse rate. You will often find that during diarrhoea the patients have low blood pressure but usually a higher than normal pulse rate. As the severity of dehydration increases, despite enhanced cardiac? Cycles, adequate amount of blood and nutrients do not reach all body parts/organs. The patient is therefore cold to touch at the extremities. Another complication that may arise if severe dehydration does not receive prompt medical care is ischemic damage to the tissues of various organs due to reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients. Of most significance is damage to the kidneys and brain. Reduced blood volume results in reduced glomerular filtration rate and hence a low urine output. This in turn can 'result in accumulation of toxic waste products in the blood which can be measured by the level of blood urea nitrogen levels. Other associated changes can be observed in the form of azotemia - abnormal high level of urea and creatinine and metabolic acidosis which develop during acute renal failure. Acute renal failure is particularly observed during severe diarrhoea coupled with delayed or absence of adequate fluid management. Another consequence, which we were discussing, involved changes in the nervous system. They can be as mild as dizziness due to less supply of oxygen, glucose and other nutrients to the brain cells or as severe as resulting in coma due to excessive accumulation of nitrogenous waste products and other toxic metabolites in the blood. It would thus be evident that maintenance of adequate blood volume is imperative to prevent dehydration and its consequences some of which call be life threatening.

784_Consequences of Diarrhoea.png

By now, you must have understood the seriousness of diarrhoea and can understand that it is the highest cause of illness and death especially in children.


Related Discussions:- Consequences of diarrhoea

Explain the term - migraine, Explain the term - Migraine Perhaps the mo...

Explain the term - Migraine Perhaps the most common neurological disorder, migraine afflicts some 5% to 20% of the population at some time in their lives. The World Federation

What is the difference between plasma membrane and cell wall, What is the d...

What is the difference between plasma membrane and cell wall? Plasma membrane and cell wall is not the similar thing. Plasma membrane, also called cell membrane, is the outer m

Zoonoses disease-pseudorabies, Pseudorabies Pseudorabies is a viral di...

Pseudorabies Pseudorabies is a viral disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV) that is classified under family Herpesviridae. This disease is also known as “Aujeszky’s diseas

Dissection, a 6th grade student friendly definition?

a 6th grade student friendly definition?

What best describes the amoebas division, What best describes the amoebas d...

What best describes the amoebas division?  (1) It is a Mode of asexual account in which a one parent is involved. The amoeba cell, which is unicellular, separates into two daug

Ichnology, Ichnology :  This is the study of foot prints. Ichnology is a ty...

Ichnology :  This is the study of foot prints. Ichnology is a type of branch of geology which deals with traces of organismal behavior like as burrows or footprints. It is commonly

Preet, what is microbiology

what is microbiology

Implant surface affect osseointegration, Implant surface affect Osseointegr...

Implant surface affect Osseointegration Surface topography is critical as rough surfaces produce better bone fixation as compared with smooth surfaces, and osteoblast like cell

How different are birds and reptiles, Q. How different are birds and reptil...

Q. How different are birds and reptiles concerning the maintenance of body temperature? Are birds rare in polar regions? Reptiles are heterothermic that is they do not control

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd