Common or random causes - causes of variability, Operation Management

Assignment Help:

Common or Random Causes - Causes of Variability

Consider throwing a pair of dice. The possible outcomes range from 2 to 12, but with different probabilities of occurrence (see figure below). Over a long series of throws, '2' would result in about 3 per cent (1/36) of the throws, and '7' would result in about 17 per cent (6/36) of them. However, the result of a particular throw is unpredictable. It will be determined by a number of variables which interact in a manner of which we have no detailed knowledge at the time of the throw e.g. the trajectories of the dice as they leave the hand, the microscopic contours of the surfaces of the dice and landing surface, the mechanical properties of the surfaces at the points of contact, etc. Such variables are called common causes.

2073_Common or random causes - causes of variability.png

When, in the long run, the outputs of a process can be expressed in probabilistic terms, the process is described as a common cause system. Manufacturing processes are typically common cause systems. That is, even when great care is taken in the set up and control of the process, variability of the output occurs. This variability cannot be reduced unless the process is changed. Statistical methods provide a means of registering common-cause variations and distinguishing them from the second type, assignable causes.


Related Discussions:- Common or random causes - causes of variability

Productivity challenge in organisations, Productivity Challenge in Organisa...

Productivity Challenge in Organisations Productivity is the ratio of outputs (goods and services) divided by the inputs (resources: labour, capital and services). It is one of

Explain drum-buffer-rope, According to Elyahu Goldratt, the TOC system uses...

According to Elyahu Goldratt, the TOC system uses a scheduling approach called _____. drum-buffer-rope drum-buffer-string drum-rope-buffer drum-buffer-line

Explain situational or behaviorial interview, Contrast an unstructured with...

Contrast an unstructured with a situational or behaviorial interview. Also, discuss how an organization might improve the reliability and validity of the interview

Explain standard and superior materials, 4 Which of the following best desc...

4 Which of the following best describes the materials the company uses to make its footwear? a Synthetic fibers, waterproof polyesters, microfibers, rubber, and metal eyelets

Graphical methods for aggregate planning, work force of 1300 units per mont...

work force of 1300 units per month.permit a maximum of 20% overtime at $40 per unit.ware house permit no more than 180 units carrying from month to month.this plan means that anyti

Use cases, A case study presents an account of what happened to an organisa...

A case study presents an account of what happened to an organisation or business over a period of time. It chronicles the events that occurred within that organisation and which th

Explain free emotional intelligence test, Perform an Internet search for a ...

Perform an Internet search for a "free emotional intelligence test." Examples of free emotional intelligence tests can be found However, you may use any free online test that you f

Work study, techniques & applicationa

techniques & applicationa

How conduct an analysis of american apparel, Conduct an analysis of America...

Conduct an analysis of American Apparel. Assess American Apparel's vertical integration, global strategy, and diversification. Compare American Apparel's approach to Google's

Explain project management at the phoenician video case, Project Management...

Project Management at the Phoenician video case Many times, project decision makers do not rely solely on financial hurdles, such as return on investment or internal rates of re

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd