Common or random causes - causes of variability, Operation Management

Assignment Help:

Common or Random Causes - Causes of Variability

Consider throwing a pair of dice. The possible outcomes range from 2 to 12, but with different probabilities of occurrence (see figure below). Over a long series of throws, '2' would result in about 3 per cent (1/36) of the throws, and '7' would result in about 17 per cent (6/36) of them. However, the result of a particular throw is unpredictable. It will be determined by a number of variables which interact in a manner of which we have no detailed knowledge at the time of the throw e.g. the trajectories of the dice as they leave the hand, the microscopic contours of the surfaces of the dice and landing surface, the mechanical properties of the surfaces at the points of contact, etc. Such variables are called common causes.

2073_Common or random causes - causes of variability.png

When, in the long run, the outputs of a process can be expressed in probabilistic terms, the process is described as a common cause system. Manufacturing processes are typically common cause systems. That is, even when great care is taken in the set up and control of the process, variability of the output occurs. This variability cannot be reduced unless the process is changed. Statistical methods provide a means of registering common-cause variations and distinguishing them from the second type, assignable causes.


Related Discussions:- Common or random causes - causes of variability

Difference between production planning and control, Difference between prod...

Difference between production Planning and Control Many people are of the view that production planning embraces both planning and control. In the broader sense, production pla

Explain an approach to a business diversity program, Section 5 Assignment 1...

Section 5 Assignment 1. Describe an approach to a business diversity program that would be pragmatic and ethical. 2. What are three possible explanations for the hesitancy to discu

Explain repetition of new product, You are a consultant called in to estima...

You are a consultant called in to estimate the costs after the employees learn how to do a job more efficiently by repetition of new product. You find a company can produce a produ

Linear Programming Problem, Solve the following Linear Programming Problem ...

Solve the following Linear Programming Problem using Simple method. Maximize Z= 3x1 + 2X2 Subject to the constraints: X1+ X2 = 4 X1 - X2 = 2 X1, X2 = 0

Explain identify an ethical framework that applies, Discuss the legal and e...

Discuss the legal and ethical issues surrounding Solyndra, the California based solar panel manufacturer. Incorporate two to three specific laws or ethical codes that apply to the

How is a standard time determined by time study, 1. How is a standard time ...

1. How is a standard time determined by time study?  Answer: The job is broken into well-defined short elements, which are then repeatedly timed by stopwatch, the worker's rate

Explain what is the average completion time of all jobs, A single machine w...

A single machine work center has five jobs assigned to it. They are labelled, in the order of their arrival in the shop, as jobs A, B, C, D and E. The work center may work on only

What is delegation, What is delegation? There is a limit to what a part...

What is delegation? There is a limit to what a particular can perform single-handed. After a point, the other persons working in the organisation have to be connected for perfo

Explain is there a best employment process- stepwise, Is there a best emplo...

Is there a best employment process, stepwise? What would you outline and why? What must steps should come first, and last?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd